4.1 - Physical Growth and Development in Infancy

cephalocaudal pattern

sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down the body

proximodistal pattern

the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities

20, 7.6

average North American newborn is blank inches long and weighs blank lbs

EEG

a measure of the brain’s electrical activity

fNIRS

uses very low levels of near-infrared light to monitor changes in blood oxygen as indicator’s of infant’s brain activity

face processing, perception, attention, and memory

what types of brain activity do fNIRS monitor?

MEG

maps brain activity by recording magnetic fields produced by electrical currents

vision, hearing, and language

what types of brain activity do MEGs monitor?

25

at birth, a newborn’s brain is blank % of its adult weight

75

by an infant’s second birthday, the brain is about blank % of its adult weight

forebrain

the point of the brain furthest from the spinal cord is called the blank

frontal, occipital, temporal, and parietal

4 lobes of the brain

frontal

which lobe of the brain is involved in voluntary movement, thinking, personality, and intention/purpose?

occipital

which lobe of the brain is involved in vision

temporal

which lobe of the brain is involved in facilitating hearing, language processing, and memory?

parietal

which lobe of the brain is involved in spatial location, attention, and motor control?

lateralization

the specialization of function in one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex or the other

(1) biological processes & environmental conditions influence the brain’s development (2) the brain has plasticity and is context dependent (3) a child’s cognitive development is closely linked to brain development

what are the 3 parts of the neuroconstructivist view?