Microbiology for Allied Health Final Study Guide Unit 2 Test

The higher the resolution, the better the clarity and detail of the image.

True

Which possible alternate solution could be used for a person who has a bacterial infection and is not responding to conventional antibiotic therapy?

Phage therapy

Which microscope should be used to look at internal structures of a cell, such as the mitochondria?

Transmission Electron

In osmosis, water always moves from an area of high water concentration to one of lower water concentration.

True

All the following transports are bulk transport, except _________

All are considered bulk transport (Phagocytosis, pinocytosis, exocytosis)

Which of the following is an acellular microorganism lacking a nucleus?

Virus

Which of the following cause a pandemic?

Antigenic shift

Which of the following diseases are caused by a dsDNA?

Genital Herpes and Chicken Pox

Which microscope should be used to observe a viral particle infecting the surface of a cell.

Scanning Electron

What is the primary purpose of the Gram Stain?

To differentiate bacteria based on cell wall composition

Which of the following is NOT used as a criterion to classify viruses?

Biochemical tests

In the Gram staining process, which step is crucial for differentiating between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Decolorization with 95% Ethanol

A group of cocci shaped bacteria arranged in cluster like grape is called a ________.

Staphylococci

Which of the following can explain the differences between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

Prokaryotes lack organelles, contain a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, and can divide by Binary Fission.

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable. This means that it allows all molecules to easily pass through the membrane.

False

Every year a new vaccine for influenza is developed for these reasons

All of the above (To account for antigenic drift, missense mutations of the H and/or N spikes, RNA viruses have a high rate of mutations)

Which is NOT an effective method for preventing Yellow Fever?

All of the above (Drain standing water, vaccine, insect repellant)

Which of the following labels represent a bacterial plasmid?

C (small chromosome)

Which of the following statements is considered an evidence of the Endosymbiotic Theory?

All of the above (Mitochondria and chloroplast have their own DNA, mitochondria and chloroplast can divide independently from the cell, mitochondria and chloroplast have 70S ribosomes)

Which of the following organisms is Gram negative organism?

Escherichia coli

Which of the following differential stains will be performed in lab this semester?

Endospore Stain

Which of the following labels represent hair-like structures known as fimbriae?

B (the cilia)

Which of the following is false about influenza vaccine production?

Vaccines can be produced in a matter of a few days

Which of the following is NOT a virulence factor?

Inclusions

The ability of a microscope to distinguish two adjacent points as separate is called_______

Resolution

If a Gram Stain result is unclear, which of the following should be considered?

No proper heat fixing techniques has been applied

Streptococcus aerogenes is not considered an endospore former organisms.

True

A bacterial cell can carry a prophage in which cycle of specialized transduction?

Lysogenic cycle

Which of the following molecules is commonly used by bacteria as a signal to attract or repel movement during phototaxis?

Light

Organisms being viewed under the Electron Transmission microscope takes MORE time to prepare than organisms prepared for the light compound microscope.

True

Which host is considered the mixing vessel for the swine flu?

Pigs

This particular substance is found only in Gram negative bacteria

Antigen O and Lipid A

A particular organism found in the ocean vent rises to the surface when nitrogen level are normal and dives to the deep when the concentration of nitrogen is depleted. This type of movement could be classified as _________.

Positive Chemotaxis

What is the main role of fimbriae?

Attachment to surfaces and other cells

Which is NOT a symptom of influenza?

All of the above (Chills, fever, headache)

Which of the following theory explain the origin of Eukaryotic cells?

Endosymbiotic Theory

Which of the following factors affect diffusion rates?

All of the above (Mass of the molecules, solvent density, pressure)

Which of the following labels represent a Bacterial flagellum?

A (Long pieces at back)

The invention of the microscope was credited to ________

Antwon Van Leeuwenhoek

The higher the magnification, the lower the resolution will be.

False

Which of the following transport movement more substances down their concentration gradients through transmembrane, integral membrane proteins?

Facilitated Diffusion

What is the primary purpose of chemotaxis in bacteria?

To move toward or away from chemical stimuli

Bacterial cell walls are composed of __________ which is made of NAG and NAM subunits.

Peptidoglycan

Which of the following allow the influenza virus to attach to specific host receptors?

Hemagglutination spikes

What is the function of plasmids in bacterial cells?

They carry genes that can provide advantages, such as antibiotic resistance

Which staining technique is specifically used to assess the presence of Mycolic acid in the bacterial cell wall?

Acid-fast Stain

The four (4) common components found in all cells are __________

DNA, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes, Plasma Membrane

Which of the following is NOT TRUE regarding the differences between bacteria and viruses?

Bacteria generate ATP through fermentation and viruses uses the ETC

Which of the following statements provides the MOST significant support for the idea that virus are nonliving chemicals?

They cannot reproduce themselves outside of host

Which of the following statements about viral spikes is FALSE?

They are found only on nonenveloped viruses