Chap 7,8,9 Final Exam

Surgical Suction

Evacuates blood and saliva from extraction site, has smaller tip.

Blade & handle

Used to cut/incise tissue.

High-speed handpiece

Sections teeth into smaller pieces for easier removal, long bur is used to reach root.

Needle Holder

Traps and manipulates needle during suturing.

Sutures

Used for closing surgical sites.

Periosteal elevator

Used to loosen periodontal ligaments, lift tissue from bone prior to extraction. Reduces gingival tearing.

Straight elevator

Used to loosen periodontal ligaments, lifts + rocks tooth to remove from socket. Larger number, smaller tip.

150 forceps

Maxillary universal forceps

151 forceps

Mandibular universal forceps

23 forceps

Removes ONLY Mandibular molars. Cow horns

Root Elevator

Sharp edges to lift and loosen root from socket. “Cryer”

Root tip elevator

Lift + loosen broken roots/root fragments

Tooth Extraction Steps

1. Topical

2. Local Anesthetic

3. Periosteal Elevator

4. Straight Elevator

5. Forceps

(If not removed in one piece)

6. Cryer/ root elevator

7. Root tip elevator

Extraction Post Op Instructions

Pain meds : 2 Tylenol (500mg extra strength) + 3 advil (200mg ibuprofen) every 4-6 hours.

Implant

Titanium screw surgically placed in the bone to replace missing tooth rot.

Gingivitis

Mild form of gum disease that is reversible with proper oral hygiene.

Periodontitis

Extreme gum disease that causes permanent damage.

Coronal polishing

Procedure that removes stains and plaque from enamel surfaces of teeth

Fluoride

Helps prevent tooth decay by making the tooth more resistant to acid attacks. Can reverse early decay.

Ways a tooth can die

Traumatic blows, extensive dental decay, mechanical exposure (from drills), chemical irritation (from repeated fillings)

Abscess

Infection (can be seen in X-ray)

Symptoms of needing endodontic treatment

Facial swelling, sensitivity to hot or prolonged cold, painful to touch or biting pressure

Cold test

Doctor/assistant uses ice chip or spray on tooth to observe response.

Pulp tester

Electronic instrument used with toothpaste and pulses.

Bite stick

Used to determine if pain is from cracked tooth

14A Rubber Dam Clamp

Upper molars

W7 Rubber Dam Clamp

For lower molars

W2A Rubber Dam Clamp

ALL PREMOLARS

212 Rubber Dam Clamp

ALL ANTERIORS

Broach

Used to enter canal and remove nerve

Endodontics Files

Needle like instrument with plastic handle used to clean, shape, and enlarge canals. As numbers inscrease, diameter of file increases.

Apex Locators

Electronic instrument used to measure length of canal for files to be set at correct measurements

Sodium Hypochlorite

Irrigating solution used to disinfect pulp canals and flush out necrotic tissues.

Paper points

Small rolls of paper used to soak up remaining irrigating solution prior to to sealing and filling

Pulp canal sealer cement

Specialized cement used to seal pulp canals prior to placing Gutta percha

Gutta Percha

Rubber material that’s shaped into fine points to seal canal.

Gutta Percha oven

Specialized oven that heats Gutta Percha to specific temperature to infiltrate and seal canal

Formacresol

Chemical/medication used between endodontic visits.

IRM

Intermediate restorative material. Used to temporarily restore tooth with filling until all canals are filled.

Root Canal Procedure Steps

1. Topical

2. Local anesthetic

3. Place rubber dam

4. High speed handpiece

5. Endodontics explorer

6. Endodontics spoon excavator

7. Broach

8. Apex locator

9. Irrigation

10. Paper points

11. Sealant cement

12. Gutta Percha

PFM Crown

Porcelain fused to Metal

Porcelain

Oat natural looking crown, no metal margins

Bridges

Bridges gap between one or more missing teeth

Abutment

Crowns on either side of gap

Pontic

Crown that cover missing teeth

Post

Placed when tooth needs extra strength and stability.

Peso reamer

Tool that drills into tooth to place post

Diamond Bur

Prepares tooth for crown. Used in high speed handpiece

Cord packer

Tooth with serrated edge that grabs and packs retraction cord into the sulcus

Cord

String like material packed around tooth to temporary push gums away from tooth surface.

Hemodent/Astringident

Blood clotting agent used to prevent bleeding around prepped tooth

Triple tray

Captures patients bite/occlusion, impression of tooth, and opposing arch

Preliminary impression

Used to make temp crown/bridge

RMGI

Resin modified glass ionemer

Crown/Bridge Procedure Steps

1. Topical 10. Bite registration

2. Local Anesthetic 11. Make temp crown

3. Take Shade 12. Adjust temp with mandrel

4. Preliminary Impression 13. Check bite

5. High speed handpiece 14. Temp cement crown into mouth

6. Crown prep

7. Place cord

8. Hemostatic solution

9. Final impression