Core: Power and Authority in the Modern World

Treaty of Versaille signed

June 28, 1919

Big three

Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau

What was Woodrow Wilson’s goal?

To ensure long-term peace and prosperity for Europe with no harsh reparations for Germany (idealistic)

What was David Lloyd George’s goal?

Reparations for Germany and War Guilt Clause, no annexation (realist)

What was Georges Clemenceau’s goal?

Harsh reparations and annexation of German territory (severe)

What was the War Guilt Clause?

Part of the Treaty of Versaille that contained a statement of German admittance of war guilt

David Lloyd George’s statement regarding Germany

“We cannot both cripple her and expect her to pay”

Consequences of the Treaty of Versaille

Germany was forced to pay 132 billion gold marks, left Germany economically crippled, lost 1 000 000 square miles of land and 6 000 000 subjects, army was reduced to 100 000 men, increased German nationalism and contributed to the ‘stab in the back’ myth

When was Treaty of Saint Germain (Austria) signed?

September 10, 1919

Consequences of the Treaty of Saint Germain

Severe economic decline and recession, resentment towards Allies, nationalism, forbidden to unite with Germany (Anschluss)

When was the Treaty of Neuilly (Bulgaria) signed?

November 27, 1919

Consequences of the Treaty of Neuilly

90 million pounds of reparations, resentment over lack of Bulgarian self-determination, growth of Bolshevism and anarchism, confiscated territory and displacement of 300 000 Bulgarians

When was the Treaty of Trianon (Hungary) signed?

June 4th, 1920

Consequences of the Treaty of Trianon

Territorial concessions (approx. 2/3 of prewar territory), military restrictions (reduced army to 35 000 volunteers), Hungary accepts culpability for the war, severe economic decline and recession, resentment and growth of nationalism

When was the Treaty of Sevres (Ottoman Empire) signed?

August 10, 1920

Consequences of the Treaty of Sevres

Divided and dissolved the Ottoman Empire, Dardanelle Straits is under control of the League of Nations, army restricted to 50 000, French, British and Italian troops occupy Turkey and the Turkish War of Independence 

Anschluss

A united Austria and Germany that would form a "Greater Germany”