textiles-exam 3

module 10 & 11

core-spun yarn

a core covered with staple fibers

covered yarn

a yarn with a center wrapped by another yarn

spun yarn

consisting of staple fibers bound together by a twist

novelty yarn

created for special visual effects

plied yarn

produced by twisting two or more single yarns

cord

produced by twisting two or more plied yarns

rope

produced by twisting two or more cords

low twist yarns

commonly used in fleece, sweater, or other bulky apparels

low-twist or minimal-twist is applicable only to _______ yarns

• staple

• filament

filament

which statement best describes the difference between carded and combed yarns?

• carded yarns are smoother and stronger than combed yarns.

• combed yarns are made from short fibers with a fuzzy appearance.

• combed yarns are made from long fibers that have been aligned and cleaned for smoothness.

• carded yarns are used only for silk fabrics.

combed yarns are made from long fibers that have been aligned and cleaned for smoothness.

the three parts of a novelty yarn include the _____, _____, and _____.

• core; strand; knot

• knot; effect; binder

• core; effect; binder

• corkscrew; binder; effect

core; effect; binder

t/f: spun yarns generally produce fabric with a matte appearance (not shiny)

true

in the open-end spinning process, which of the following is TRUE?

• fibers are twisted together around a rotor at high speed.

• it produces finer yarns than ring spinning.

• the fibers remain parallel and untwisted.

• it is used only for filament yarns.

fibers are twisted together around a rotor at high speed.

which of the following correctly pairs yarn type with its description?

• monofilament- made from several continuous filaments twisted together

• multifilament- made from one long continuous filament

• carded yarn- made from thermoplastic filaments

• texturized yarn- thermoplastic filaments modified for bulk and stretch

texturized yarn- thermoplastic filaments modified for bulk and stretch

tex

grams per 1,000 meters

denier

grams per 9,000 meters

cotton count (Ne)

hanks per pound

metric count (Nm)

kilometers per kilogram

which system measures yarn weight per unit length, meaning higher numbers indicate thicker yarns?

• indirect system

• direct system

• metric count

• cotton count

direct system

in the indirect yarn numbering system, a higher yarn count number means the yarn is:

• coarser

• finer

• heavier

• thicker

finer

what happens to a yarn’s appearance and strength as twist increases beyond the optimal point?

• becomes weaker and more rigid

• becomes softer and weaker

• becomes more absorbent and smoother

• maintains strength but loses stretch

becomes weaker and more rigid

a lightweight voile fabric is produced using a low-twist yarn. what performance characteristic is most associated with this fabric?

• high rigidity

• softness and loft

• strong and wiry feel

• crepe texture

softness and loft

a jeans topstitch thread uses a hard, high-twist, core-spun yarn. Which combination best explains its performance?

• low strength, soft hand

• high strength. reduced fraying

• smoothness, poor durability

• low rigidity, high elongation

high strength, reduced fraying

low twist

soft, lofty yarns

regular twist

balanced strength and hand

high twist

firm, dry hand

crepe twist

pebble surface texture

when two yarns are twisted in opposite directions (S and Z), what is the likely benefit?

• increased elasticity

• improved balance and reduced untwisting

• increased strength only

• better colorfastness

improved balance and reduced untwisting

which characteristic would more likely cause pilling and lint buildup during sewing or wearing?

• high twist

• high hairiness

• low denier

• low twist

high hariness

a fabric sample is failing in a strength test. You find the yarns have very low twist and a high hairiness index. Which adjustment could improve performance?

• reduce denier

• increase twist per inch

• use higher count yarns

• decrease staple length

increase twist per inch

what are the 4 basic types of filament yarns?

1. w

   1. bulky

   2. textured

   3. stretch

monofilament, multifilament, smooth, and textured

what do spun yarn fabric feel like?

cotton-like or wool-like

rank the utilization of fiber strength of: spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn

1. smooth filament (well utilized)

2. textured yarn (not as well utilized)

3. spun yarn (not well utilized)

smooth > textured > spun yarn

rank the absorbency (most to least) of: spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn

spun > textured > smooth filament

rank the static build-up (most to least) of: spun, smooth filament, and textured yarn

smooth filament > textured > spun yarn

rank how good it feels on skin (most to least): spun, smooth filament, and textured yarn

spun > textured > filament yarn

spun, smooth filament, and textured yarn. match to their definitions:

1. twisted into continuous strand with protruding ends

2. long continuous, closely packed strand

3. long continuous, irregular, porous, flexible strand

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

short fibers twisted into continuous strand with protruding ends

spun yarn

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

long continuous, closely packed strand

smooth filament yarn

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

long continuous, irregular, porous, flexible strand

textured yarn

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

• dull, fuzzy look

• lint

• subject to pilling

• soil readily

• warm

• loft and bulk

• stretch depends on twist

• opaque

spun yarn

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

• smooth, lusturous

• do not lint

• do not pill readily

• sheds soil

• cool, slippery

• little loft or bulk

• snagging depends on fabric construction

• stretch depends on twist

• less opaque

smooth filament

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

• bulky, dull

• do not lint

• pill less readily than spun

• soils more easily than filament

• warmer than smooth filament

• lofty, buky, stretchy

• more opaque

textured yarns

what does texturizing do?

increases bulk and/or stretch

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

size expressed in yarn number

spun yarn

spun, smooth filament, and/or textured yarn:

size expressed in denier

smooth filament and textured yarn

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

various amounts of twist

spun yarn

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

very low or very hight twist

smooth filament yarn

spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn:

low twist

textured yarn

rank the complexity (most to least) of: spun, smooth filament, or textured yarn

spun > textured > smooth filament

what are the two types of spinning process (or the cotton process) to manufacture spun yarn?

1. ring spinning

2. open-end spinning

what are the 3 different forms that the fibers take in manufacturing spun yarns?

sliver, roving, yarn