Congress: Structure, Functions, and Processes

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to Congress, its structure, functions, and legislative processes.

Earmarks

Funds provided by Congress for specific projects, typically included in larger legislative bills.

Bicameral

A legislative body composed of two chambers or houses, such as the House of Representatives and the Senate.

Constituent Service

Assistance provided by members of Congress to their constituents in dealing with governmental issues.

Oversight

The process by which Congress reviews the actions of the executive branch and its implementation of policies.

Gerrymandering

The practice of drawing district boundaries in a way that gives one political party an advantage over others.

Incumbency Advantage

The advantage current officeholders have over challengers in elections, often due to name recognition and established connections.

Filibuster

A legislative tactic used in the Senate to delay a vote on a bill by extending debate.

Pocket Veto

A situation in which the President takes no action on a bill for ten working days, resulting in the bill being killed if Congress adjourns.

Enumerated Powers

Powers explicitly granted to Congress by the Constitution, specifically listed in Article I, Section 8.

Implied Powers

Powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but assumed to exist due to the Necessary and Proper Clause.

Conference Committee

A temporary committee composed of members from both houses of Congress to resolve disagreements on a bill.