Gas Laws and Properties Lecture Review

Flashcards covering key vocabulary related to gas laws and properties from the lecture notes.

Ideal Gas Law

A fundamental equation describing the behavior of an ideal gas, relating pressure (P), volume (V), number of moles (n), and absolute temperature (T) as PV = nRT.

Combined Gas Law

A law that relates the pressure, volume, and absolute temperature of a fixed amount of gas, given by the formula P
T
₁V₁/₁ = P₂V₂/T₂.

Mole Fraction (𝜒)

The ratio of the number of moles of a particular component to the total number of moles in a mixture, or the ratio of its partial pressure to the total pressure.

Trimix

A specialized gas blend used in technical diving, typically composed of oxygen, nitrogen, and helium.

Partial Pressure

The pressure that a single gas in a mixture of gases would exert if it alone occupied the same volume at the same temperature.

STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure)

A set of standard conditions for experimental measurements involving gases, typically defined as 0 °C (273.15 K) and 1 atm (101.325 kPa).

Molar Mass

The mass in grams of one mole of a substance (g/mol).

Density

A physical property defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance.

Mol:Mol Ratio

A conversion factor derived from the coefficients of a balanced chemical equation, used to relate the moles of two different substances.

Kinetic Energy (KE)

The energy an object possesses due to its motion, calculated as ½·mv².

Average Velocity of Gas Particles

The average speed at which gas particles are moving; directly related to the absolute temperature of the gas.

Kinetic Energy and Temperature Relationship (KE
∝ T)

A principle stating that the average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas.