airway lab, fill in the blanks

80 fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering airway anatomy and infant vs adult differences.

The structure separating the nasal cavity from the cranial cavity is the __.

cribriform plate of the ethmoid

The nasal turbinates humidify and __ air.

filter

The cartilage shaped like a leaf in the airway is the __.

epiglottis

The lower boundary of the nasal cavity is formed by the __.

hard palate

The floor of the nose is formed by the palatine process of the __ and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone.

maxilla

The lateral wall contains three bony projections called __ (or turbinates).

conchae

The superior and middle conchae are derived from the __ bone.

ethmoid

The inferior concha is a separate __.

bone

The roof of the nose is formed by the nasal bone, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone, and the anterior part of the __ bone.

sphenoid

The floor of the nose forms the hard palate; it is formed by the palatine process of the __ and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone.

maxilla

The oral cavity is divided into the vestibule and the __.

oral cavity proper

The vestibule is bounded anterolaterally by the __ arch, teeth, and gums.

alveolar

The soft palate is shaped like the letter __ and is a landmark for mask ventilation or tracheal intubation.

M

There is a collection of lymphoid tissue called the “tonsillar ring” which is situated around the __.

pharynx

The palatine tonsils lie between the pillars of the __.

fauces

The pharyngeal tonsil is also called the __.

adenoids

The tubular tonsils extend bilaterally into the __ tubes.

Eustachian

The lingual tonsil is on the posterior aspect of the __.

tongue

The tongue is divided into the root, body, and __.

tip

The sulcus terminalis divides the posterior aspect of the tongue and is a fibrous ridge called the __.

sulcus terminalis

The tongue attaches to the hyoid bone, mandible, styloid processes, soft palate, and the walls of the __.

pharynx

The pharynx widest point is at the level of the __ bone.

hyoid

The larynx lies between the cervical vertebrae and C6 in the adult.

C3-C6

The larynx consists of three single cartilages: epiglottis, thyroid, and __.

cricoid

The three paired laryngeal cartilages are arytenoids, corniculate, and __.

cuneiforms

The epiglottis is attached to the hyoid bone anteriorly by the __ ligament.

hyoepiglottic

The small depressions on either side of this ligament are called the __.

valleculae

During swallowing, downward movement of the epiglottis and the closure and upward movement of the __ prevent food from entering the larynx.

glottis

The inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage articulates with the __ cartilage.

cricoid

The cricoid cartilage is shaped like a __ ring.

signet

The cricoid cartilage is separated from the thyroid cartilage by the __ ligament.

cricothyroid

The inferior portion of the thyroid cartilage is connected to the superior border of the cricoid by the __ ligament.

cricothyroid

Cricothyrotomy is usually performed on the __ cartilage.

cricothyroid

Sellick’s maneuver involves applying downward pressure on the __ cartilage.

cricoid

The three paired laryngeal cartilages include the arytenoids, corniculate, and __.

cuneiforms

The arytenoids are __ structures.

triangular

The corniculate cartilages articulate with the __ aspect of the arytenoids.

superior

The cuneiform cartilages are embedded in the __ fold bilaterally.

aryepiglottic

The hyoid bone is connected to the thyroid cartilage by the __ ligament.

thyrohyoid

Fractures of the hyoid bone raise suspicion of __.

strangulation

The laryngeal cavity is the space between the true vocal cords and the __ cartilages.

arytenoid

The dividing landmark between the upper and lower laryngeal compartments is formed by the __ cords.

vocal

The actual space between the true vocal cords is the __.

rima glottidis

The trachea is shaped like the letter __ on cross-section.

D

The posterior membranous wall of the trachea is formed by nonstriated __.

muscle

The trachea bifurcates into the right and left mainstem __.

bronchi

The right mainstem bronchus appears to be a vertical continuation of the __.

trachea

An individual aged 16 or older is termed an __.

adult

A child is defined as between the ages of __.

1 and 8

An infant is defined as age __ or less.

1

At age __, the larynx of the child closely resembles that of an adult except in size.

8

The infant’s head is __ larger than the adult’s.

much

The infant’s nostrils are smaller in relation to the __ than the adult’s.

trachea

The infant’s tongue is proportionately __ than the adult’s.

larger

The infant’s larynx is situated at a __ level in relation to the cervical spine.

higher

The infant’s vocal cords are __ and have an anteroinferior incline.

concave

In adults, the vocal cords lie more __.

horizontally

The overall diameter of the adult airway is 10–12 mm __ than that of a newborn.

wider

The airway of the infant is narrowest at the level of the __ cartilage.

cricoid

In adults, the airway is narrowest at the level of the __.

rima glottidis

The epiglottis in infants is relatively longer, more omega-shaped and less __.

flexible

The hyoid bone is firmly attached to the __ cartilage in infants.

thyroid

The epiglottis in infants lies more __ than in adults.

horizontal

The major conducting airways are both __ and shorter in infants.

narrower

The trachea of a premature infant may be as short as __ cm.

2.0

An individual aged 16 or older is defined as an __.

adult

The term for a child between 1 and 8 years old is __.

child

The term for an infant is __.

infant

The head of an infant is __ in proportion to the body.

larger

The infant’s nostrils are smaller in relation to the __ than the adult’s.

trachea

The adult airway is narrowest at the __ (rima glottidis).

rima glottidis

The epiglottis in infants is more __ shaped.

omega

The cricoid cartilage is the narrowest portion of the airway in __.

infants

In adults, the narrowest portion is at the __.

rima glottidis

The nose roof separates the nasal cavity from the __ cavity above.

cranial

The floor of the nose forms the hard palate, formed by the palatine process of the __ and the horizontal plate of the palatine bone.

maxilla

The nasal roof includes the cribriform plate and the anterior part of the __ bone.

sphenoid

The nasal septum is formed by the perpendicular plates of ethmoid and vomer bones and the __ cartilage.

septal

The inferior nasal concha is a separate __.

bone

The superior nasal concha is derived from the medial aspect of the __ bone.

ethmoid

The openings in the lateral nasal walls communicate with the paranasal sinuses and the __ duct.

nasolacrimal

The posterior portion of the nares opens into the nasopharynx and is referred to as the __.

choanae

The vestibule of the oral cavity is between the lips/cheeks and the __.

gums

The uvula is a feature of the __ palate.

soft

The tonsillar ring is situated around the __.

pharynx

The anterior fold of the tonsils is called the __ arch.

palatoglossal

The posterior fold of the tonsils is called the __ arch.

palatopharyngeal

The tonsils include the palatine, pharyngeal, tubular, and __ tonsils.

lingual

Tonsils located between the pillars of the fauces are the __.

palatine

The tubular tonsils extend into the Eustachian or __ tubes.

auditory

The epiglottis attaches to the hyoid bone anteriorly by the __ ligament.

hyoepiglottic

The depression near the hyoepiglottic ligament is called the __.

valleculae

The false vocal cords are also called the __ folds.

vestibular

The vocal cords and the space between them is the __ (opening).

rima glottidis

The laryngeal inlet connects the pharynx with the __.

larynx

The left and right mainstem bronchi divide from the __.

trachea

The right mainstem bronchus is typically more vertical than the __.

left

The bronchial tree begins at the __ bifurcation of the trachea.

carina

The paranasal sinuses are connected to the nasal cavity for drainage and __.

ventilation

Crista galli, cribriform plate, and nasal cavity are involved in the sense of __.

smell