Policing Final

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Police culture tends to divide based on

Rank

Police culture is characterized by extreme __ to coworkers

Loyalty

The __ leads officers to protect each other against accusations

“Blue wall of silence”

To deal with the perpetual threat of danger, officers tend to __

Become suspicious of the public

The first place Police Recurits are exposed to Police Socialization is

the Academy 

Militaries use force to control , while police use force to control __

Outsiders; fellow citizens

Which organizational method works most efficiently for police?

Bureaucratic 

Centralized structures are less responsive than decentralized structures

True

Police organizations prefer __ communication

Written

Up to __% of an officer’s time is dedicated to completing reports and logs

80%

Police agency hierarchies are __-like in nature

pyramid

Which unit is most central to the function of the police?

The operations unit

Police are not closely linked to the political environment around them

False

Planned change is:

An effort to change the status quo

Traditional organization theory says that organizations should be open, flexible, and adaptive

False

Administration focuses on

The entire organization

The slippery slope argument says that accepting smaller gratuities will lead to more rampant corruption

True

Corruption is best thought of as a

Continuum

The ends of corruption can be both legal and illegal

True

The most common form of corruption is

The acceptance of small gratuities

___ is when an officer extorts money with a threat to selectively enforce or not enforce a law

A shakedown

A “meat eater” is:

An officer that actively seeks opportunities for corruption 

A “grass eater” is:

An officer that only accepts opportunities as they arise

Type III corruption is similar to

Organized crime

Communities with the worst instances of police misconduct are typically

Poor

The most important factor in battling corruption is the attitude of the

Chief

Police departments grant those at the lowest level of the hierarchy the ___ amount of discretion

Greatest

___ affect police-citizen interactions more than ___

Attitudes; officer characteristics

What characteristics do NOT play a part in officer decisions

Seasonal

Crime is similar to ___ in how it follows patterns

Infectious diseases

When responding quickly to crime, officers are more likely to

Satisfy citizens

Tennessee v. Garner

Police cannot shoot a fleeing, non-dangerous, unarmed subject

Graham v. Connor

Police should use an amount of force that is “objectively reasonable”

“Blue Wall of Silence”

When officers protect each other and hide instances of officer misconduct

Police subculture is unique from other occupational subcultures because of the

Nature of the work; people and problems encountered; working environment

Climate of an agency is the product of what organizational system?

Formal organizational system

Policing is considered what type of occupation, due to dealing with criminals on the regular?

Tainted occupation

The term “fleeing felon” originated from this country

England

Most research indicates that a police officer with __ is less likely to use force

More education

What argument states that accepting small gratuities will lead to greater corruption?

Slippery slope

A model suggesting certain types of people are drawn to policing

Predisposition model

Internal efforts to change the status quo are __ changes

Planned changes

Police most often use force…

when making an arrest

The most common form of police corruption is?

Accepting gratuities

Police possess __ which grants them physical authority

Badges, guns, and handcuffs

Police culture tends to divide based upon this formal, individual characteristic

Rank

Police administration focuses on

The entire organization

__% of encounters show police use force against citizens 

Less than 1%

The most important function of the police is

Patrol