World History Exam

Feudalism

the feudal system, or its principles and practices.

Pax Mongolia

A period of relative stability in Eurasia under the Mongolian rule

Spatial Frames

The different geographic perspectives that historians apply to world events.

Afro-Eurasia

A landmass containing the continents of Africa, Asia, Europe

Iroquois Longhouse

traditional homes for many of the farming tribes of the American indians that lived in southern new england, Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey

Empire

a group of nations or peoples ruled over by an emperor, empress, or other powerful sovereign or government

Aristocracy

the highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices.

Reincarnation

the belief that the soul, upon death of the body, comes back to earth in another body or form.

Bureaucracy

a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

Meritocracy

governmen**t** or the holding of power by people selected on the basis of their ability.

Matrilineal

A society with women mostly in charge.

Umma

A community of believers

Model Parliament

A governing body created by King Edward. It was meant to impose taxes upon the citizens to fund future wars and the military.

Monotheistic

the belief that there is only one God.

Chinampas

technique used in Mesoamerican agriculture which relies on small, rectangular areas of fertile arable land to grow crops on the shallow lake beds in the Valley of Mexico

Magna Carta

It was the first document to put in writing that the king and his government was not above the law.

Quipu

an ancient Inca device for recording information, consisting of variously colored threads knotted in different ways.

Polytheistic

Belief in or worship of more than one god.

Dar al-Islam

The house of peace

Shi’a

Split in the Islam religion and stayed loyal to Ali.

Sunni

Split in the Islam religion and stayed loyal to the Umayyad or Abbasid rule.

What is a kingdom

A country or territory that is ruled by a king or a queen.

what is an empire

A big group of states or countries under a single supreme authority. Formed by conquering land and territories.

What caused the fall of the Han empire

Uprising of peasants, wars and intrigues

What are characteristics of a successful empire

strong central government, Bureaucracy, Militarism, "trade networks.

What is the silk road

A trading network used by many different people with many differences in ideas, lifestyles, etc. It linked China to the west.

What different effects did trade have.

It gave the chance for different products to get to different places. Same thing with different crops. It helped spread new ideas, different religions, new technologies

What are 3 spatial frames

Regional, interregional, and global

What was the point of Dar al-Islam

To have a territory where Muslims were free to practice their religion.

What is year Zero

The year Muhammad traveled to Yathrib from Mecca and set up the first Muslim community by conquering the land.

What geographical areas did the Muslim empire cover.

The Middle East, Northern Africa, Iberian peninsula (spain), parts of Asia into India.

Why was the church of Cordoba significant?

It was an important monument for Islamic architecture and was a symbol of Umayyad power. It was also the city’s intellectual life.

How did Dar al-islam foster an interconnected Afro-Eurasia?

By trading

What groups were in leadership for the Muslim empire?

The Umayyad Caliphate, the Abbasid Caliphate, and the Ottoman Empire

What groups split in the Muslim empire and why?

The Umayyad group (Sunni) and the Abbasid group (Shi’a). They split Islam because they had different beliefs on how Islam should be run and followed different leaders.

How was trade conducted under Muslim rule?

They would trade goods all the way from China to Europe. They would use camels and caravans to get from one trading spot to another.

Who are the significant leaders of the Mongols?

Genghis Khan (Temujin) , Tolui Khan (Genghis Khan’s dad), Jamukha (Genghis’s blood brother)

How did the Mongols rise to power?

By Genghis Khan uniting many nomadic tribes and teaching them to conquer other lands and territories.

What did the Mongols think of religious freedom?

When they conquered a new place they didn’t bother to teach those people their religion because they wouldn’t get it and how it originated so they didn’t care what religion people practiced.

How did the Mongol empire fall?

After Genghis Khan’s death the military started to fail.

How did the mongols foster an interconnected Eurasia?

By conquering land and trading with lots of people throughout their huge empire.

Who were the Mayan?

An empire from the areas Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Sobador and would make sacrifices to their god, festivals, begging or ends of wars, and the occurrence of disease.

Who were the Aztecs?

An empire that lived in the south central region of America. They were known for their many sacrifices they would make so they could rise and their engineering skills.

Who were the Iroquois?

An empire in the New york area who would migrate conquest to gain land in the northeastern US. They built longhouses and had a decent government system.

Who were the Inca?

An empire located on the western side of europe. They divided their empire into three geological regions and their government was called Tawantinsuyu.

Why did the Maya fall?

Warfare, famine, natural disasters, Spanish conquer.

Why did the Aztec fall?

Unpopular with neighboring empires, Impractical human sacrifices helped cause the fall. Cortez and the arrival of the spanish caused the final end.

Why did the Iroquois fall?

Arrival of the Europeans and participation in the french and indian war.

Why did the Inca fall?

Spanish attacks by Francisco Pizarro in 1532

What was similar about the tribes.

They were all American tribes. They all were able to find some way to start and maintain a farming system. They all had their own style of housing and government. They all had some kind of calendar to keep track of the days.

What was different about the tribes?

Maya and the Aztecs would make human sacrifices. the iroquois lived in longhouses and had a pretty good government system. The Inca would build roads and bridges.