Articulations

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Last updated 11:35 PM on 6/23/26
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59 Terms

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Synarthrosis

immovable joint

<p>immovable joint</p>
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Amphiarthrosis

slightly movable joint

<p>slightly movable joint</p>
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Diarthosis

freely movable joint

<p>freely movable joint</p>
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Bony joint

- Synostosis

-an immovable joint formed when the gap between two bones ossifies and the bones become, in effect a single bone

<p>- Synostosis</p><p>-an immovable joint formed when the gap between two bones ossifies and the bones become, in effect a single bone</p>
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Cartilaginous joint

adjoining bones united by cartilage; no joint cavity

1) Synchondrosis

2) Symphasis

<p>adjoining bones united by cartilage; no joint cavity</p><p>1) Synchondrosis</p><p>2) Symphasis</p>
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Fibrous joint

consists of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, holds the bones tightly together

1) suture

2) gomphosis

3) syndesmosis

<p>consists of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, holds the bones tightly together</p><p>1) suture</p><p>2) gomphosis</p><p>3) syndesmosis</p>
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synovial joints

freely movable joints that have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid

<p>freely movable joints that have a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid</p>
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gliding joint

type of synovial joint: allows one bone to slide over another; found in wrist and ankles

<p>type of synovial joint: allows one bone to slide over another; found in wrist and ankles</p>
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hinge joint

type of synovial joint which is formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along the axis to flex or extend

(i.e. elbow and knee)

<p>type of synovial joint which is formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along the axis to flex or extend</p><p>(i.e. elbow and knee)</p>
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pivot joint

type of synovial joint: rotating bone turns around an axis; i.e. connection between radius/ulna

<p>type of synovial joint: rotating bone turns around an axis; i.e. connection between radius/ulna</p>
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condylar joint

type of synovial joint:

convex oval surface articulates with concave oval

surface; biaxial (2 axes) rotation (wrist, metacarpophalangeal 2-5 joints)

<p>type of synovial joint:</p><p>convex oval surface articulates with concave oval</p><p>surface; biaxial (2 axes) rotation (wrist, metacarpophalangeal 2-5 joints)</p>
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saddle joint

type of synovial joint: found at the base of each thumb; allows grasping and rotation

<p>type of synovial joint: found at the base of each thumb; allows grasping and rotation</p>
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ball and socket joint

type of synovial joint: allows movement in all 3 planes (i.e. hip and shoulder)

<p>type of synovial joint: allows movement in all 3 planes (i.e. hip and shoulder)</p>
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gliding

Two surfaces slide past each other

Between carpal or tarsal bones

<p>Two surfaces slide past each other</p><p>Between carpal or tarsal bones</p>
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flexion

Decreases the angle of a joint

<p>Decreases the angle of a joint</p>
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lateral flexion

movement of trunk in frontal plane

<p>movement of trunk in frontal plane</p>
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extension

increase angle between bones

<p>increase angle between bones</p>
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hyperextension

extension beyond anatomical position

<p>extension beyond anatomical position</p>
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abduction

movement away from the midline

<p>movement away from the midline</p>
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adduction

movement toward the body midline

<p>movement toward the body midline</p>
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medial rotation

rotational movement towards the midline

<p>rotational movement towards the midline</p>
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lateral rotation

rotation away from the midline

<p>rotation away from the midline</p>
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pronation

movement that turns the palm down

<p>movement that turns the palm down</p>
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supination

movement that turns the palm up

<p>movement that turns the palm up</p>
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inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward

<p>Turning the sole of the foot inward</p>
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eversion

turning the sole of the foot outward

<p>turning the sole of the foot outward</p>
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dorsiflexion

bending of the foot or the toes upward

<p>bending of the foot or the toes upward</p>
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plantar flexion

bends the foot downward at the ankle

<p>bends the foot downward at the ankle</p>
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protraction

moving a body part forward

<p>moving a body part forward</p>
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retraction

moving a body part backward

<p>moving a body part backward</p>
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opposition

Movement of the thumb to touch the fingertips

<p>Movement of the thumb to touch the fingertips</p>
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circumduction

circular movement of a limb at the far end, combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

<p>circular movement of a limb at the far end, combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction</p>
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elevation

raising a body part

<p>raising a body part</p>
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depression

lowering a body part

<p>lowering a body part</p>
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articular capsule

Fibrous envelope that encloses a synovial joint

<p>Fibrous envelope that encloses a synovial joint</p>
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articular cartilage

covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints

<p>covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints</p>
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fat pads

localized masses of adipose tissue covered by a layer of synovial membrane

<p>localized masses of adipose tissue covered by a layer of synovial membrane</p>
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capsular ligament

ligaments within the wall of the capsule; thickening in the capsule wall

<p>ligaments within the wall of the capsule; thickening in the capsule wall</p>
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intracapsular ligaments

stabilizing ligaments located inside joint capsule (ie ACL, PCL)

<p>stabilizing ligaments located inside joint capsule (ie ACL, PCL)</p>
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extracapsular ligaments

stabilizing ligaments located outside joint capsule (ie LCL, MCL)

<p>stabilizing ligaments located outside joint capsule (ie LCL, MCL)</p>
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synovial membrane and fluid

membrane lines inside of joint capsule except at actual articulation of articular cartilages. Secretes fluid to lubricate joints

<p>membrane lines inside of joint capsule except at actual articulation of articular cartilages. Secretes fluid to lubricate joints</p>
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bursae and tendon sheaths

friction-reducing structures commonly associated with synovial joints

<p>friction-reducing structures commonly associated with synovial joints</p>
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fibrocartilage pads

Articular discs may be present within capsule. (ie meniscus in knee)

<p>Articular discs may be present within capsule. (ie meniscus in knee)</p>
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acromioclavicular ligament

fx: connects the clavicle to the acromion

<p>fx: connects the clavicle to the acromion</p>
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coracoclavicular ligament

Fx: connects the clavicle to the coracoid process

<p>Fx: connects the clavicle to the coracoid process</p>
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coracoacromial ligament

Fx: connection between the coracoid process and the acromion

<p>Fx: connection between the coracoid process and the acromion</p>
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glenohumeral ligament

Fx: Connects humerus to the glenoid cavity

<p>Fx: Connects humerus to the glenoid cavity</p>
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iliofemoral ligament

Fx: connects ilium and femur

<p>Fx: connects ilium and femur</p>
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ischiofemoral ligament

Fx: connects ischium to femur

<p>Fx: connects ischium to femur</p>
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pubofemoral ligament

Fx: connects pubis to femur

<p>Fx: connects pubis to femur</p>
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ligamentum teres

Fx: connects the acetabulum to favea capitis

<p>Fx: connects the acetabulum to favea capitis</p>
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anterior cruciate ligament

Fx: prevent anterior movement of the tibia on the femur

<p>Fx: prevent anterior movement of the tibia on the femur</p>
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posterior cruciate ligament

Fx: prevents posterior displacement of tibia

<p>Fx: prevents posterior displacement of tibia</p>
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tibial collateral ligament

Fx: connects the medial epicondyle of the femur to the tibia (MCL)

<p>Fx: connects the medial epicondyle of the femur to the tibia (MCL)</p>
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fibular collateral ligament

Fx: connects the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the fibula (LCL)

<p>Fx: connects the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the fibula (LCL)</p>
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patellar ligament

Fx: connects patella to tibial tuberosity

<p>Fx: connects patella to tibial tuberosity</p>
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quadriceps tendon

common tendon for quadriceps group, attaches to patella

<p>common tendon for quadriceps group, attaches to patella</p>
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medial meniscus

Cartilage in the knee between the femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau

<p>Cartilage in the knee between the femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau</p>
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lateral meniscus

cartilage in the knee between the lateral femoral condyle and the lateral tibial plateau

<p>cartilage in the knee between the lateral femoral condyle and the lateral tibial plateau</p>