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Health Law

Framework of legal principles governing public health.

Public Health

Field focused on improving population health outcomes.

Bioethics

Ethical principles guiding health care practices.

Interstate Commerce Clause

Federal authority source in public health law.

Individual Rights

Rights inferred and upheld by courts.

Social Justice

Advocates equitable health resource distribution.

Health in All Policies

Collaboration to reduce health inequities.

Right to Health Care

Not universally established in the U.S.

Imposed Risks vs Self-Imposed Risks

Risks beyond individual control, like pollution. vs Risks willingly taken by individuals.

Mortality and Morbidity Burden

NCDs significantly impact health outcomes.

Screening Programs

Programs aimed at early disease detection.

Cost-Effectiveness

Health benefits produced at acceptable costs.

Multiple Risk Factor Interventions

Target individuals with co-occurring health risks.

Predictive Testing

Identifies disease risk based on genetics.

Pharmacogenetic Testing

Tailors drug therapy to genetic profiles.

Lead-Time Bias

False impression of increased survival time.

False Positives/Negatives

Incorrect disease presence/absence identification.

Vaccinations

Inoculations to prevent communicable diseases.

Barrier Protections

Methods to prevent disease transmission.

Case Findings

Identifying cases of communicable diseases.

Health Policy

Decisions guiding health care systems.

Medicare

Federal health insurance for eligible individuals.

Medicaid

State and federal health insurance for low-income.

Parts of Medicare

Different coverage segments under Medicare.

Part A

Covers hospital and skilled nursing care.

Part B

Covers diagnostic and therapeutic services.

Part C

Encourages enrollment in prepaid health plans.

Part D

Covers prescription drug costs.

Employment-Based Insurance

Health insurance provided through employers.

Fee-for-Service

Payment model for specific health services.

Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)

Monthly fees for a package of services.

Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs)

Network-based insurance with reduced payment options.

Point of Service Plans (POSs)

HMO members can choose out-of-network care.

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Health reform law expanding coverage and access.

Insurance Exchanges

Marketplaces for purchasing health insurance.

Prevention of Epidemics

Measures to stop disease outbreaks from spreading.

Disaster Response

Actions taken to recover from community disasters.

State Health Department Functions

Manage vital statistics and public health programs.

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

Independent groups focused on specific health issues.

American Red Cross

Provides emergency assistance and disaster relief.

American Cancer Society

Supports cancer research and patient services.

American Heart Association

Focuses on heart disease prevention and education.

Credentialing in Health Professions

Establishing professional standards for healthcare providers.

Nursing Levels

Includes CNAs, LPNs, RNs, and nurse practitioners.

Levels of Care

Primary, secondary, and tertiary care classifications.

Coordination of Care

Connecting inpatient and outpatient healthcare services.

Exposure Routes

Paths through which individuals contact hazards.

Intentional Injuries

Includes suicide and bioterrorism incidents.

Unintentional Injuries

Accidents like falls, drownings, and collisions.

Preventive Measures in Injury Management

Utilizes surveillance and communication to reduce injuries.