Cam 20 test 1 passage 2

reintroduce
/ˌriːˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/

đưa trở lại
= bring back, restore, reinstate
Eg: Scientists plan to reintroduce the species into the wild.

elm
/ɛlm/

cây du
= type of large tree that loses its broad leaves in winter, or the wood from this tree
Eg: The old elm stood beside the river.

account for
/əˈkaʊnt fɔː/

chiếm, đóng góp vào
= make up, represent, constitute
Eg: Elm trees account for a large part of the forest.

in the aftermath of
/ɪn ði ˈɑːftəmæθ ɒv/

sau khi
= after something bad has happened, as a result of
Eg: Many trees died in the aftermath of the disease.

dominant
/ˈdɒmɪnənt/

chiếm ưu thế
= more important, strong, or noticeable than anything else of the same type
Eg: Oak is the dominant tree in this area.

countryside
/ˈkʌntrɪsaɪd/

vùng nông thôn
= rural area
Eg: They enjoy living in the countryside.

start from a very low base
/stɑːt frɒm ə ˈvɛri ləʊ beɪs/

bắt đầu từ mức rất thấp
= begin from a very small amount/level, start from scratch
Eg: The population started from a very low base.

impact
/ˈɪmpækt/

tác động
= effect, influence, repercussion
Eg: Climate change has a major impact on forests.

significant
/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

đáng kể
= important, essential, meaningful
Eg: The project achieved significant progress.

fungus
/ˈfʌŋɡəs/

nấm
= mushroom, mold
Eg: The fungus spread rapidly through the forest.

block
/blɒk/

chặn
= stop, obstruct, impede
Eg: The disease can block water transport.

vascular
/væskjələ/

mạch dẫn
= of or containing the tubes that carry liquids around the bodies of animals and plants
Eg: The fungus attacks the vascular system.

wilt
/wɪlt/

héo rũ
= (of a plant or flower) to bend towards the ground because of the heat or a lack of water
Eg: The leaves began to wilt.

epidemic
/ˌɛpɪˈdɛmɪk/

dịch bệnh
= a large number of cases of a particular disease or medical condition happening at the same time in a particular community
Eg: The epidemic killed millions of trees.

trigger
/ˈtrɪɡə/

gây ra
= activate, cause, start
Eg: The drought triggered a forest fire.

to be destined for
/tuː biː ˈdɛstɪnd fɔː/

được định sẵn sẽ
= bound for, headed for, designated for
Eg: The seedlings are destined for local forests.

intact
/ɪnˈtækt/

nguyên vẹn
= whole, undamaged, untouched
Eg: The forest remained intact.

beetle
/ˈbiːtəl/

bọ cánh cứng
= an insect characterized by hard, protective front wings called elytra
Eg: A beetle was found under the bark.

virulent
/ˈvɪrələnt/

độc lực mạnh
= extremely dangerous, harmful and quick to have an effect
Eg: The virus is highly virulent.

hedgerow
/ˈhɛʤrəʊ/

hàng rào cây bụi
= a dense line of bushes and small trees planted very close together along the edge of a field
Eg: Birds nested in the hedgerow.

target
/ˈtɑːɡɪt/

mục tiêu
= aim at, direct toward, focus on
Eg: The disease targets old trees.

reach
/riːʧ/

đạt tới
= attain, approach, pass
Eg: The tree can reach 30 meters in height.

diameter
/daɪˈæmɪtər/

đường kính
= the distance from one side to the opposite side of a circle, measured by a line passing through the center of the circle
Eg: The trunk measured one meter in diameter.

trunk
/trʌŋk/

thân cây
= the thick central woody stem of a tree
Eg: The beetle bored into the trunk.

beetle
/ˈbiːtəl/

bọ cánh cứng
= insect characterized by hard, protective front wings called elytra
Eg: The beetle damaged the tree.

take hold
/teɪk həʊld/

bén rễ, phát triển
= begin to have a strong effect
Eg: The disease quickly took hold.

mature
/məˈʧʊə/

trưởng thành
= fully grown, adult, fully developed
Eg: The tree becomes mature after many years.

identify
/aɪˈdɛntɪfaɪ/

xác định
= pinpoint, determine, detect
Eg: Scientists identified the infected trees.

specimen
/ˈspɛsɪmən/

mẫu vật
= a single example of something, especially an animal or a plant
Eg: This specimen is over 100 years old.

county
/ˈkaʊnti/

hạt, quận
= an area of a state or country that has its own government to deal with local matters
Eg: The tree was found in a nearby county.

mysteriously
/mɪˈstɪəriəsli/

một cách bí ẩn
= strangely, puzzlingly, enigmatically
Eg: The tree mysteriously survived.

survive
/səˈvaɪv/

sống sót
= live on, endure, persist
Eg: Only a few trees survived the epidemic.

succumb
/səˈkʌm/

chết vì, gục ngã trước
= yield, give in, surrender
Eg: Many trees succumbed to the disease.

limited
/ˈlɪmɪtɪd/

hạn chế
= restricted, confined, finite
Eg: The species has a limited range.

tolerance
/ˈtɒlərəns/

khả năng chịu đựng
= endurance, resistance, acceptance
Eg: This tree has high drought tolerance.

resistance
/rɪˈzɪstəns/

sức đề kháng
= the ability to fight against something harmful (sist-= to stand)
Eg: Some trees show natural resistance.

down to luck
/daʊn tuː lʌk/

nhờ may mắn
= dependent on chance or fortune, due to luck
Eg: Its survival was down to luck.

run a close second to
/rʌn ə kləʊs ˈsɛkənd tuː/

xếp ngay sau
= be nearly as important as, was just behind
Eg: Disease runs a close second to habitat loss.

prominent
/ˈprɒmɪnənt/

nổi bật
= noticeable, obvious, important
Eg: She is a prominent scientist.

component
/kəmˈpəʊnənt/

thành phần
= element, part, constituent
Eg: Water is an essential component of life.

birch
/bɜːʧ/

cây bạch dương
= a tree with smooth bark (=outer covering) and thin branches, or the wood from this tree
Eg: Birch trees grow well in cold climates.

Bronze Age
/brɒnz eɪʤ/

Thời đại Đồ Đồng
= the historical period characterized by the use of bronze tools and weapons
Eg: People made bronze tools during the Bronze Age.

shield
/ʃiːld/

lá chắn
= a protective device used to block attacks
Eg: The soldier carried a shield.

sword
/sɔːd/

thanh kiếm
= a weapon with a long pointed blade and a handle used for cutting or thrusting
Eg: The knight held a sharp sword.

crate
/kreɪt/

thùng gỗ
= a large box or a container made of wood, plastic, or metal and used for storage or shipping
Eg: The apples were packed in a wooden crate.

keel
/kiːl/

sống tàu
= the long piece of wood or metal along the bottom of a boat that keeps it steady in the water
Eg: The keel keeps the boat balanced.

ingrained
/ɪnˈɡreɪnd/

ăn sâu, cố hữu
= fixed, rooted, engrained
Eg: These habits are deeply ingrained.

unsurprising
/ˌʌnsəˈpraɪzɪŋ/

không có gì ngạc nhiên
= predictable, expected, foreseeable
Eg: The result was unsurprising.

advocate
/ˈædvəkɪt/

người ủng hộ
= a person who publicly support or recommend a particular cause or policy
Eg: She is an advocate of wildlife conservation.

unfold
/ʌnˈfəʊld/

diễn ra
= develop, emerge, evolve (un= opposite of)
Eg: The story slowly unfolded.

contribute to
/kənˈtrɪbjuːt tuː/

góp phần vào
= to help to make something happen
Eg: Pollution contributes to climate change.

determined
/dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/

quyết tâm
= resolute, steadfast, unwavering
Eg: She is determined to protect the forest.

precarious
/prɪˈkeəriəs/

bấp bênh
= risky, insecure, perilous
Eg: The species is in a precarious situation.

march in
/mɑːʧ ɪn/

tiến vào
= enter forcefully, come in aggressively, invade
Eg: The soldiers marched into the city.

right on our doorstep

ngay trước cửa nhà ta
= very close, nearby, imminent
Eg: The problem is right on our doorstep.

prospect
/ˈprɒspɛkt/

triển vọng
= chance, possibility, likelihood
Eg: There is little prospect of success.

rely on
/rɪˈlaɪ ɒn/

dựa vào
= depend on, count on, turn to
Eg: Many animals rely on forests for food.

resistant
/rɪˈzɪstənt/

kháng bệnh
= invulnerable, hardy, impervious
Eg: This tree is resistant to disease.

tolerant
/ˈtɒlərənt/

chịu đựng được
= resistant, able to withstand, enduring
Eg: The plant is tolerant of dry weather.

hybrid
/ˈhaɪbrɪd/

giống lai
= combined, mixed, crossbred
Eg: Scientists developed a hybrid tree.

strain
/streɪn/

chủng, dòng
= variety, type, variant
Eg: A new strain of fungus appeared.

seedling
/ˈsiːdlɪŋz/

cây non
= a young plant grown from seed and not yet mature
Eg: The seedlings need plenty of water.

breed
/briːd/

lai tạo
= raise, grow, nurture
Eg: Farmers breed stronger plants.

withstand
/wɪðˈstænd/

chống chịu
= endure, survive, bear
Eg: Some trees can withstand strong winds.

slit
/slɪt/

rạch một đường
= a long straight narrow cut or hole
Eg: The scientist made a small slit in the bark.

inject
/ɪnˈʤɛkt/

tiêm vào
= put in, shoot in, insert
Eg: Doctors injected the medicine carefully.

pathogen
/ˈpæθəʤən/

mầm bệnh
= disease-causing organism (path= disease)
Eg: The pathogen spread quickly.

susceptible
/səˈsɛptəbəl/

dễ mắc phải
= vulnerable, prone, inclined, predisposed
Eg: Young trees are susceptible to disease.

acceptance
/əkˈsɛptəns/

sự chấp nhận
= approval, embrace, welcome
Eg: The idea gained public acceptance.

acknowledge
/əkˈnɒlɪʤ/

thừa nhận
= admit, accept, confirm
Eg: Scientists acknowledge the risks.

element
/ˈɛlɪmənt/

yếu tố
= component, part, aspect
Eg: Water is an essential element of life.

bother
/ˈbɒðə/

quan tâm, bận tâm
= concern, worry, perturb
Eg: Don't bother about small mistakes.

host
/həʊst/

vật chủ
= provide for, support, sustain
Eg: The insect uses the tree as its host.

wary
/ˈweəri/

thận trọng
= cautious, guarded, vigilant
Eg: Scientists are wary of new diseases.

on the face of
/ɒn ðə feɪs ɒv/

thoạt nhìn
= at first glance, seemingly, apparently (fac-= form, appearance)
Eg: On the face of it, the plan seems simple.

replace
/rɪˈpleɪs/

thay thế
= putting in place of, substitute, displace
Eg: New trees will replace the old ones.

horticultural
/ˌhɔːtɪˈkʌlʧərəl/

thuộc nghề làm vườn
= relating to the science or art of growing plants
Eg: She studies horticultural science.

analogue
/ˈænəlɒɡ/

tương đương
= something that is similar to or can be used instead of something else
Eg: This species is an analogue of the original tree.

clone
/kləʊn/

bản sao vô tính
= copy, replicate, duplicate
Eg: Scientists cloned the healthy tree.

emphasis
/ˈɛmfəsɪs/

sự nhấn mạnh
= highlight, stress, underscore
Eg: The report placed emphasis on conservation.

recover
/rɪˈkʌvə/

phục hồi
= restore, bounce back, rebound
Eg: The forest is slowly recovering.