chapter 4 health 101

what is mental health

a state of well being in which a person realizes their abilities, copes with normal stresses of life

what is mental illness

characterized by alterations in thinking, mood or behavior

who is mentally ill

20% of us adults, costs us economy 300 billion per year

1700s

insane asylums

late 1800s

state run mental hospitals

1930s-1950s

lobotomies

1950s

advent of antipsychotics

1960s onwards

deinstitutionalization

2010s

jails and prisons

treatments for mental disorders

psychotherapy, antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers

psychiatrist

specialize mental health, diagnose and prescribe meds

psychologist

diagnose mental disorders, provide psychotherapy

anxiety disorders

31% of adults, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder

generalized anxiety disorder

excessive anxiety and worry for at least 6 months

panic disorder

abrupt surge of intense fear or disorder that reaches a peak within minutes

PTSD

7% of adults, high among military, police, development of specific symptoms such as involuntary memories or flashbacks and dreams after being exposed to one or more traumatic events

ptsd treatment

CBT — exposure therapy, eye movement and desensitization and reprocessing

depression

about 12% of people, symptoms of depressed mood, diminished pleasure in activities, feelings of worthlessness

treatments for depression

antidepressants, SSRI (least amount of side effects), psychotherapy

bipolar disorder

causes extreme change in mood, formerly known as manic depression

bipolar type 1

at least one manic episode, may be accompanied by hypomania or depression

bipolar type 2

hypomanic and depressive episodes

manic episodes

elated mood, feeling euphoric and can get irritated fast, fast paces, impulsive

mixed episode

depressive symptoms during mania, can lead to suicidal thoughts or suicide

co-occuring disorder

have a bipolar episode at the same time of having a drug or alcohol problems

treatment for bipolar disorder

antidepressant or antipsychotic

schizophrenia

affects less than 1% of adults, delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech

treatments for schizophrenia

anti depressants, but not the best choice

BPD

characterized by unstable moods and behaviors, high rate of suicide, 40%, pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self image, affect, impulsive

BPD treatments

psychotherapy

suicide

second leading cause of death among persons 10-34

OCD

1.2% of adults, separated by obsessions and compulsions

obsessions

recurrent and persisent thoughts, urges or images

compulsions

repetitive behaviors or mental acts

body dysmorphic disorder

2.4% of adults, preoccupation with perceived flaws in physical apperance

ADHD

most common childhood disorders, persist pattern of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, interferes with functioning or development

treatment of adhd

adderall

inattentive

failure to notice detail, fail to stay in conversation, having trouble remaining focused or being easily distracted

hyperactivity

fidgeting, inability to stay in one place for extended time, excessive talking, tendency to interrupt people