ICT Reviewer (Weeks 1–8) Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering scope of ICT, history, VDT syndromes, computer care, safety, system unit components, and data processing.

ICT (Information, Communication, Technology)

Anything providing information, facilitating communication, and utilizing technology.

Hardware

Physical and tangible computer parts used to present/store data.

Software

Operating systems and programs that direct computer actions.

Dataware

Raw data stored within hardware and software components.

Peopleware

Human users operating ICT systems.

Networks

Connected systems enabling inter-device communication.

The Analytical Engine

Mechanical steam-powered design for a general-purpose computer by Charles Babbage ("Father of the Computer").

1st Generation Computers (1940–1956)

Computers using vacuum tubes & magnetic drums, such as the ENIAC built in 1946 for $400,000.

2nd Generation Computers (1956–1963)

Computers utilizing compact transistors and early high-level languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL.

3rd Generation Computers (1964–1971)

Computers featuring Integrated Circuits (IC) on single semiconductor chips.

4th Generation Computers (1972–Present)

Computers utilizing microprocessors on single chips, such as the Intel 4004.

5th Generation Computers (Present–Beyond)

Computing systems centered around Artificial Intelligence & advanced computing systems.

Alan Turing

Pioneer who cracked WWII German messages with the Bombe and conceptualized the Universal Turing Machine.

Dr. William "Bill" Torres

Known as the "Father of the Philippine Internet" through negotiations with the US NSF.

PHILNET

Network established in June 1995 with support from DOST, now known as PHNET.

VDT Syndromes (Visual Display Terminal Syndrome)

Physical and mental health conditions resulting from excessive ICT use.

Computer Care

Protecting hardware integrity and maintaining proper ergonomic posture.

Computer Safety

Ensuring online privacy, security, and safe browsing habits.

Motherboard

Main Printed Circuit Board (PCB) that connects all components.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The "brain" of the computer.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Temporary storage accessed randomly.

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Main permanent storage of the computer.

Optical Disk Drive (ODD)

Reads and writes data on optical disks (CD/DVD).

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

Converts AC current to DC current to power parts.

Heatsink

Dissipates heat away from critical components.

Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)

Used to connect IDE-type HDD.

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

Used to connect S-ATA-type HDD.

Expansion Cards

Video, Sound, or LAN cards used for graphics, audio I/O, and network connectivity.

Data

Raw, independent facts, numbers, letters, and symbols.

Information

Data processed and structured to be meaningful for user needs.

Data Processing Cycle

The sequence consisting of Input → Process → Output (IPO Model).