Carbohydrates/Sugars

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Biology

Biochemistry

Ketose vs Aldose

Ketone group vs aldose group on anomeric carbon

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What does a reducing sugar have?

Free aldehyde group

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How do you turn a reducing sugar into a non-reducing sugar?

Glycosidic bond at reducing end

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How does a linear sugar cyclize?

3rd (furanose) or 4th OH (pyranose) group attacks anomeric carbon

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Between which Carbons does a glycosidic bond form between two sugars?

Carbon 1 and Carbon 4

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How is a glycosidic bond named?

Use alpha/beta from anomeric carbon then state which carbons are bonded

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Why is cellulose insoluble to humans?

Beta linkages

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Why is chitin insoluble to humans?

Beta Linkages and branching

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Why can humans break down amylose?

Standard 1,4 link

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What are the branches on glycogen good for?

Reducing glycogen breakdown times

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