ANA-MODULE-1

Airport

Airport

An aerodrome with facilities for commercial aviation flights to take off and land.

Aerodrome

A defined area on land or water including any buildings, installations, and equipment intended to be used for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of aircraft.

Airport Community-Relations

The complex problem resulting from the incorporation of airport operation into the web of metropolitan life.

Airport Planning Criteria

Criteria defined by federal and state agencies for airport planning and development.

Categories of Airports

Category 1 - Commercial Service Airports, Category 2 - Business or High Activity General Aviation Airports, Category 3 - Regional General Aviation Airports, Category 4 - Community General Aviation Airports, Category 5 - Low Activity General Aviation Airports.

Approach Categories

Categories used in airport planning based on an aircraft's approach speed.

Airplane Design Group (ADG)

Categories used in airport planning based on an aircraft's wingspan.

Airside Structure

Parts of the airport around the aircraft and accessible only to passengers and staff.

Landside Structure

An area of the airport that is open to the public.

Airside Facilities

Facilities related to the arrival, departure, and ground movement of aircraft.

Airside Capacity

The capacity of the airfield configuration measured by determining its Annual Service Volume (ASV).

Airside Design Standards

FAA recommended standards for airport design, including runway safety areas, obstacle-free zones, object free area, runway protection zone.

OFA

An area on the ground centered on the runway or taxiway centerline that enhances the safety of aircraft operations and does not allow above ground objects, except for those necessary for air navigation or aircraft ground maneuvering purposes.

OFZ

A volume of airspace that must be clear of objects, except for frangible items required for aircraft navigation, centered along the runway and extended runway centerline.

RPZ

An area off each runway end that enhances the protection of people and property on the ground, trapezoidal in shape and centered about the extended runway centerline.

Landside Facilities

Facilities necessary for handling aircraft on the ground and providing an interface between air and ground transportation modes.

Hangars

Enclosed structures designed to hold aircraft in protective storage.

T-hangars

Hangars that store one aircraft in one unit.

Conventional/Private hangars

Hangars that can store more than one aircraft in one large enclosed structure.

Aprons

Areas where aircraft park, also known as ramps.

Support Facilities

Various facilities that do not fall within the classifications of airfield or landside, including emergency services, airport maintenance, airport fencing, utilities, storm drainage, and aviation fueling facilities.

Ground Support Equipment (GSE)

Support equipment found at an airport, usually on the apron, that supports aircraft operations on the ground.

Dollies

Specialized equipment to carry containers and pallets.

Chocks

Used to prevent an aircraft from moving while parked.

Aircraft Tripod Jack

Used to support a parked aircraft and prevent the tail from drooping.

Aircraft Service Stairs

Helps maintenance technicians reach the bottom of an aircraft.

Refuelers

Used to refuel aircraft when parked on the ground.

Tugs and Tractors

Used to move equipment that cannot move itself.

Ground Power Unit (GPU)

Vehicle capable of supplying power to aircraft parked on the ground.

Airport Buses

Used to move people from the terminal to aircraft or another terminal.1. Container loaders:Vehicles used for loading and unloading containers and pallets into and out of aircraft. They have two platforms that raise and descend independently.

Transporters

Cargo platforms designed for loading, unloading, and transporting cargo, including containers.

Air Start Unit

A device used to start an aircraft's engines when it is not equipped with an on-board APU or the APU is not operational.

Potable water trucks

Special vehicles that deliver filtered and protected quality water to an aircraft. They have a pump to assist in transferring the water from the truck to the aircraft.

Lavatory service vehicles

Vehicles used to empty and refill lavatories onboard aircraft, storing waste in tanks until it can be removed.

Catering services

Involves unloading unused food and drink from the aircraft and loading fresh food and drinks for passengers and crew.

Belt loaders

Vehicles with conveyor belts for loading and unloading baggage and cargo onto aircraft.

Passenger boarding stairs

Mobile means to traverse between aircraft doors and the ground, also known as boarding ramps or aircraft steps.

Pushback tugs

Vehicles used to push an aircraft away from the gate when it is ready to leave.

De-anti icing Vehicle

Vehicles equipped with booms and hoses to remove ice from aircraft and prevent ice buildup.

Aircraft rescue and firefighting (ARFF)

Special category of firefighting that involves responding to airport ground emergencies and ensuring the safety and evacuation of passengers and crew.

Airport site evaluation and selection

The process of determining the best location for a new airport or the expansion of an existing one, considering factors such as land area, safety, efficiency, and community impact.

Factors affecting airport location

Various factors that influence the selection of an airport site, including aviation activity, surrounding development, atmospheric conditions, accessibility to ground transport, land availability, presence of other airports, surroundings obstructions, economy of construction, availability of utilities, and proximity to aeronautical demand.

Obstruction clearance requirements

Imaginary surfaces established around an airport to determine if objects are obstacles to air navigation. These surfaces vary based on runway category and landing approach type.

Airport imaginary surfaces

Imaginary areas in space and on the ground that are defined by various surfaces (primary surface, runway protection zone, approach surface, horizontal surface, conical surface, and transitional surface) to protect the airspace surrounding an airport from hazards to air navigation.1. Primary Surface:A surface longitudinally centered on a runway, extending 200 ft. beyond each end of the runway.

Horizontal Surface

A horizontal plane 150 ft. above the established airport elevation, constructed by servicing areas of specified radial from the center of each end of the primary surface of each runway.

Conical Surface

A surface extending outward and upward from the periphery of the horizontal surface at a slope of 20 to 1 for a horizontal distance of 4,000 ft.

Approach Surface

A surface longitudinally centered on the extended runway centerline, extending outward and upward at right angles to the runway centerline.

Transitional Surface

Surfaces extending outward and upward at right angles to the runway centerline, from the sides of the primary surface and the sides of the approach surfaces.

Aerodrome

A general term for any area of land or water used for the takeoff, landing, and movement of aircraft.

Airport

An aerodrome with facilities used to take off and land aircraft, categorized based on facilities offered and aircraft activity levels.

Airside

The area of an airport accessible only to passengers and staff.

Landside

The area of an airport open to the public.

Runway

The most critical airside design standard on an airport, used for aircraft takeoff and landing.

Ground Support Equipment

Equipment used to support aircraft ground operations, including ground power operations, aircraft mobility, and cargo/passenger loading operations.

Airport Planning

The evaluation and selection of airport sites based on long-term development potential and cost considerations.

RSA

A defined surface surrounding the runway that reduces the risk of damage to airplanes in the event of an airplane undershoot, overshoot, or excursion from the runway.