psych 101 exams

Intelligence

Ability to learn, reason, and adapt effectively.

Alfred Binet

developed the first ever IQ test the Binet-Simon test

IQ

Intelligence Quotient, calculated as (Intellectual age/Actual age) x 100.

Standardization and IQ

Before an IQ test can be used it must first be STANDARDISED i.e. given to a very large number of people to establish the AVERAGE

Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale (W-AIS)

IQ test developed by David Weschler in 1939. still used today

Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)

Child IQ test developed by David Weschler. still used today

The four factors WAIS indexes on

verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, processing speed

IQ Test Applications

Used for criminal defense, learning disabilities, and jobs.

Validity

Test measures what it claims to measure.

Reliability

Consistency of test scores across multiple attempts.

Bias in IQ Tests

Tests may favor certain groups over others.

Multiple Intelligences

Gardner's theory of diverse intelligence types.

• Linguistic -> capacity to use words effectively

• Logical -> capacity with numbers, logical patterns and relationships

• Visual spatial -> ability to perceive the visual spatial world accurately

• Musical -> life enriched by music, ability to produce music

• Intra-personal -> having an accurate understanding of someone's own moods, strengths and limitations

• Kinesthetic -> bodily kinesthetic, co-ordination, dexterity, flexibility

• Inter-personal -> ability to perceive and make distinctions in the moods, intentions, motivations and feelings of other people

• Naturalistic -> ability to function well in nature

Four Branch Model of EI

Perceiving, using, understanding, and managing emotions (PUUM).

Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

- analytical intelligence

- creative intelligence

- practical intelligence

Sternberg believed that previous theories of intelligence were too narrow and focused only on book smarts

Salovey and Mayers theory

The four branch model of EI

Types of extraneous variables

Situational, participant, experimenter and demand characteristics