FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

The active principle of burning, characterized by the heat and light of combustion

Fire

The characteristic of a material on how easily it will burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion

Flammability

The quality of being capable of igniting and burning

Combustibility

A normally open device installed inside air duct systems which automatically closes to restrict the passage of smoke or fire

Damper

The lowest temperature a liquid at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with air

Flash Point of a Liquid

Temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure

Boiling Point

A form that contains data and information regarding the properties of a particular substance

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

An integrated network of hydraulically designed piping system installed in a building, structure or area with outlets arranged in a systematic pattern which automatically discharges water when activated by heat or combustion products from a fire

Sprinkler System

Most common Sprinkler System

The sprinkler piping is constantly filled with water

When the temperature at the ceiling gets hot enough the glass bulb or fusible link in a sprinkler will break

Wet Pipe System

The pipe is not constantly filled with water. Instead, the water is held behind a dry pipe valve usually some distance away from where the sprinklers are located

Dry Pipe System

Most complicated sprinkler system

A specific event (or events) must happen before water is released into the system

For a non-interlock system: the operation of detection devices OR automatic sprinklers

For a single interlock system: the operation of detection devices

For a double interlock system: the operation of detection devices AND automatic sprinklers

Preaction System

Similar to preaction systems but the biggest difference is that deluge systems use open sprinklers or nozzles

Instead of getting water flow from individual heads that have operated once water fills the system, water will flow from every sprinkler head

Deluge System

Fire Sprinkler Head Components

Temperature Sensitive Glass Bulb

Sealing Assembly

Deflector

Frame

Portable or movable apparatus used to put out a small fire by directing onto it a substance that cools the burning material, deprives the flame of oxygen, or interferes with the chemical reactions occurring in the flame

Fire Extinguisher

Used for fires cause by various reasons organic materials including fabrics, textiles, coal, wood, cardboard and paper among others

Water Extinguishers

Can be used for Class A and B

Foam Extinguishers

May be used for Class A, B, C, and D; these should not be used in enclosed spaces as the dry powder in the extinguisher can be easily inhaled

Dry Powder

Designed for use on Class F fires, involving cooking oils and fats

Wet Chemical Extinguisher

Mainly used for electric fire risks and are usually the main fire extinguisher type provided in computer server rooms

Carbon Dioxide Extinguisher

Ideal choice for server rooms and sensitive electronics and data equipment

Halo Carbon - Based Fire Extinguisher

Ordinary combustible materials such as wood, cloth, rubber, and plastics

Class A

Flammable liquid and gases

Class B

Energized electrical equipment

Class C

Combustible materials, such as sodium, magnesium, potassium, and other similar materials

Class D

Cooking appliances that involve combustible cooking media (vegetable or animal oils and fats)

Class K

A system of vertical pipes in a building to which fire hoses can be attached on each floor, including a system by which water is made available to water outlets as needed

Standpipe System

A pipeline system filled with water and connected to a constant water supply for the use of the BFP and the occupants of the buildings solely for fire suppression purposes

Combination Standpipe

A type of standpipe system in which the pipes are normally not filled with water.

Water is introduced into the system thru fire service connections when needed

Dry Standpipe

Filled with water and is pressurized at all times

Wet Standpipe

64mm (2 1/2”) hose

64mm (2 1/2”) hose connection shall be provided at the hydraulically most remote riser to facilitate testing of the system

Use Dry Standpipe

Class I (Standpipe) System

38mm (1 1/2”) hose or within 37 m of a hose connection system

All the portions of each floor level of the building are within 40m of provided with 38mm (1 1/2”) hose

Class II (Standpipe) System

Same as required for both Class I and Class II

Class III (Standpipe) System

Distance of hose connections according to NFPA14;

Sprinklered buildings

200 ft

Distance of hose connections according to NFPA14;

Unsprinklered buildings system

130 ft