Fitness and Therapeutic Exercise Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts related to fitness and therapeutic exercise.

Why is exercise beneficial for all age groups?

It helps maintain physical fitness and reduces the risk associated with a sedentary lifestyle.

What factors interfere with fitness?

Sedentary lifestyle, health problems, compromised musculoskeletal function, obesity, advanced age, smoking, and high blood pressure.

How is body composition determined in a fitness assessment?

By height, weight, body mass index, skinfold thickness, and midarm muscle circumference.

What do elevated vital signs at rest potentially indicate?

Life-threatening cardiovascular symptoms during exercise.

What is the purpose of a stress electrocardiogram?

To test electrical conduction through the heart during maximal activity.

When is an ambulatory electrocardiogram used?

When a client has had prior cardiac-related symptoms or when a stress electrocardiogram is contraindicated.

What does a client record when using an ambulatory electrocardiogram (Holter monitor)?

The time and type of activities performed, time of medications, and when symptoms occur.

What is a step test?

A submaximal fitness test involving a timed stepping activity up and down on a platform.

What does the Walk-a-Mile test measure?

The time it takes a person to walk 1 mile.

How is maximum heart rate calculated?

Subtract client’s age from 220.

What percentage of the maximum heart rate should the target heart rate be?

50% to 85% of maximum heart rate, depending on fitness level

What does MET stand for?

Metabolic energy equivalent, a measure of energy and oxygen consumption during exercise.

What are the three categories of fitness exercise?

Isotonic, Isometric, and Isokinetic.

What is isotonic exercise?

Activity that involves movement and work, where the muscles being exercised change length.

What is isometric exercise?

Stationary exercise during which there is no change in length of the contracting muscle; usually against resistance.

What is isokinetic exercise?

Exercise that combines movement at a constant speed with a form of resistance using a machine.

What is Therapeutic Exercise used for?

Activity performed by people with health risks or those being treated for an existing health problem to prevent complications and restore lost function.

What are range-of-motion (ROM) exercises?

Therapeutic activities to move joints for assessing joint flexibility, maintaining joint mobility, preventing ankylosis, stretching joints, and evaluating response to a therapeutic exercise program.

What does a continuous passive motion machine do?

It is a mechanical device powered electrically as a supplement or substitute for manual ROM, often used for clients with burn injuries or knee/hip replacement surgery.

What nursing diagnoses can be treated with activity or exercise regimen?

Impaired physical mobility, bed mobility, risk for disuse syndrome, unilateral neglect, risk for delayed surgical recovery, and activity intolerance.

What are some gerontologic considerations for activity and exercise?

Balance physical activity with rest, avoid caffeinated or alcoholic beverages, prefer water for fluid replacement, and encourage joining organizations/social clubs.

What type of exercises may be useful for older adults?

Daily active ROM exercises in short sessions or daily passive ROM exercises.