Middle Ages Introductions

Who becomes king after Edward the confessor die?

Harold Godwinson

What is the name of the battle between Harold Godwinson and William the Duke of Normandy?

Battle of Hastings

Who wins the Battle of Hastings?

William of Normandy (Harold dies)

Where subjects forced to speak French by William?

No

About how many people did he give land out to?

about 180

What is feudalism?

A political, economic and social system based on loyalty and military service.

What is the Domesday Book?

Inventory of land and all belongings in England (1086)

What is Chivalry?

code of behavior for knights and gentlewomen

What series of war started in 1096

The Crusades

What was the battle of crusades over?

The Holy Lands

Who fought the battle of crusades?

Christian Europeans and the Muslims

What came for the battle of crusades?

The land was never gained, but the contact with the Middle East brought many rich cultural influences (math, astronomy, architecture, etc.)

Who was Thomas à Becket?

The Norman prime minister to Henry II

Why did Henry appoint Becket the Archbishop of Canterbury

Henry was struggling against the authority of Pope in Rome

Was causes Thomas à becket's death?

He remained loyal to the pope, enraging Henry, who's men kill Thomas

Who was Henry's son?

Richard The Lionhearted, who was captured in the 3rd Crusade

What is the Magna Carta?

the foundation for representative government (was signed by King John in order to limit the power of the monarchy)

What was known as the poor people's tale

Robin Hood

What was known as the rich people's tale

King Arthur

When was the Hundred Years' War?

1337-1453

What was the Hundred Years' War about?

It was England Vs. France over Englands land located in France (the English kind held 1/2 of the land in France)

Who helped the French?

Joan of Arc

Who won the Hundred Years' War?

France (England lost all land except the English Channel and the port of Calais)

When was the Wars of the Roses?

1455-1485

Who wore the white rose?

House of York

Who wore the red rose?

House of Lancaster

Where did the Wars of the Roses take place?

Battle of Bosworth Field

Who was the king of the House of York?

Richard III

Who was the king of the House of Lancaster?

Henry Tudor

Who wins the Wars of the Roses?

The House of Lancaster (Henry Tudor) and Richard was killed

Who does Henry VII marry?

Elizabeth of York (ruling England for the next century)

What caused the decline of Feudalism?

Weapons (crossbow and cannon), Black Death, and Peasant's Revolt

What was the Great Schism?

the official split between the Roman Catholic and Byzantine churches that occurred in 1378-1417

Who translated the bible into English?

John Wycliffe

What are Ballads?

Narrative poems and oral traditions

Characteristics of ballads

tragic tone, soap opera material, sketchy background, action moves swiftly to a climax, supernatural elements, and death or suicide

What are some technical characteristics of a ballad?

repetition of words, lines or phrases, refrain or chorus, and divided into stanzas (quatrain)