S1.2 The Nuclear Atom

What are the subatomic particles?

Protons, Neutrons, and electrons

What is the only element that doesn’t contain all three subatomic particles

Hydrogen doesn’t contain neutrons

What is the charge of a proton?

Positive

What is the charge of a neutron?

No charge

What is the charge of an electron?

Negative

What is the relative mass of a proton?

1

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

1

What is the relative mass of an electron?

Negligible (1/1836)

What are nucleons?

The subatomic particles in the nucleus, protons and neutrons.

Where are the electrons situated in an element?

They occupy the space outside the nucleus and orbit the nucleus in an electron cloud.

What number tells you how many protons there are in the element?

The Atomic number or the proton number

What is the mass number?

Protons + Neutrons

What defines the element?

The proton number

Define isotope

atoms of the same element (same proton) but different number of neutrons, e.g. Chlorine-35 has 18 neutrons, but Chlorine-37 has 20 neutrons

Define Ion

Atoms of the same element with a different electron number.

What is the relative atomic mass relative to?

Carbon-12