Words to know digestive system 6.3

Anabolism

building up of body substances in the constructive phase of metabolism

anorexia

lack of appetite

ascites

Build-up of fluid within the peritoneal cavity

biliary

pertaining to bile

bilirubin

orange- colored bile pigment that is excreted by the liver cells after hemoglobin has been separated into parts

bowel

the intestines

buccal

pertaining to the cheek

catabolism

the process of breaking down complex substances into more basic elements

choledochotomy

surgical incision into the common bile duct

colectomy

surgical excision of part of the colon

colostomy

a surgical procedure that brings one end of the large intestine out thorugh an opening in the abdominal wall

constipation

difficult defecation with the infrequent passage of hard and dry stool

dentition

type, number, and arrangement of the teeth

diarrhea

frequent passage of unformed, watery stool

duodenal

pertaining to the duodenum

dyspepsia

difficulty in digestion

dysphagia

difficulty in swallowing

emesis

vomiting

enteric

pertaining to the small intestine

enteritis

inflammation of the small intestine

enzyme

a protein that can cause a rapid chemical change in other substances without changing itself

epigastric

pertaining to the area above the stomach

esophageal

pertaining to the esophagus

flatus

expelling of gas from the anus

gastrectomy

surgical excision of a part of or the whole stomach

gastric

pertaining to the stomach

gastroenteritis

inflammation of the stommach and intestine

gastroesophageal

pertaining to the stomach and esophagus

gingivitis

inflammation of the gums

glossectomy

partial or complete surgical excision of the tongue

glycogenesis

formation of glycogen from glucose

halitosis

bad breath

hematemesis

vomiting of blood

hepatitis

inflammation of the liver

hyperemesis

condition of excessive vomiting

hypogastric

pertaining to the area below the stomach

ileostomy

a surgical procedure that brings one end of the ileum to the surface of the abdomen

inguinal hernia

when a loop of intestine enters the inguinal canal, a tubular passage through the lower layers of the abdominal wall

intussusception

condition when the bowel slips or telescopes into the part below it

laparotomy

surgical incision into the abdomen

laxative

substance that acts to loosen the bowel

lingual

perraining to the tongue

malabsorption

an inadequate absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract

mastication

chewing

melena

black, tarry stool that contains digested blood and has a distinct odor

mesentery

peraining to the tissie that encircles the small intestine and connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

nausea

the feeling of the need to vomit

pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

peptic

pertaining to gastric digestion

periodontal

pertaining to the area around the tooth

peristalsis

wavelike contractions that occur in the alimentary canal to move the contents of the canal along

pharyngeal

pertaining to the pharynx

postprandial

pertaining to after a meal

pyloric

pertaining to the pyloric sphincter

rectocele

hernia of part of the rectum into the vagina

sialadenitis

inflammation of a salivary gland

sigmoidoscope

a medical instrument used to visualize the interior of the sigmoid colon

splenomegaly

enlargement of the spleen

stoma

an artificial opening between two cavities of the body or between a body cavity and the surface of the body

stomatitis

inflammation of the mouth

sublingual

pertaining to below the tongue

umbilical hernia

part of the intestine that protrudes through an opening in the abdominal muscles

volvulus

twisting of the bowel on itself that causes a bowel obstruction

vomit

to eject stomach contents through the mouth