apush project test

What geopolitical event in 1991 led to the U.S. emerging as the sole superpower?

The end of the Cold War.

What prompted the U.S.-led response in Operation Desert Storm?

Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait.

What characterized Operation Desert Storm?

A high-tech, media-saturated war featuring smart bombs and live coverage.

How was the public reaction to the military victory in Operation Desert Storm?

There was a strong surge of patriotism, seen as redemption for the Vietnam War.

What economic issues were present in the U.S. during the early 1990s?

Factory closures, wage stagnation, and rising unemployment.

What event sparked the 1992 LA Riots?

The acquittal of four LAPD officers who were filmed beating Rodney King.

What was the outcome of the 1992 LA Riots?

Over 60 people died, thousands were injured, and the National Guard was deployed.

Who emerged as a prominent political figure in the 1992 election?

Bill Clinton.

What was Bill Clinton's campaign slogan in the 1992 election?

"It's the economy, stupid!"

What significant event occurred on February 26, 1993, at the World Trade Center?

A van bomb exploded in the parking garage, killing 6 and injuring over 1,000.

What was the outcome of the Battle of Mogadishu on October 3, 1993?

18 Americans were killed, and the mission led to public outrage and a scaling back of U.S. intervention.

What themes emerged from the events of 1991-1995?

Fractured national identity, televised reality, emergence of new politics, and erosion of safety.

What cultural movement symbolized the aesthetic rejection of the 1980s in the early 1990s?

The rise of grunge music.

Which city became the center of the grunge music movement?

Seattle.

What was the impact of Nirvana's album 'Nevermind' released in 1991?

It dethroned Michael Jackson from the #1 spot on the charts.

What themes were prevalent in early to mid-1990s hip-hop music?

Police brutality, poverty, survival, and community.

Who were key figures in the mainstream hip-hop movement of the early 1990s?

Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G.

What role did MTV play in the 1990s music scene?

It turned underground angst into mainstream culture.

What popular television shows reflected the cultural landscape of 1992-1995?

Friends, ER, and The X-Files.

What was a key social issue highlighted by the Rodney King incident?

The crisis of race and justice in America.

What was the public perception of the American promise of equality after the LA Riots?

It seemed increasingly hollow.

What did the events of 1991-1995 foreshadow for post-9/11 America?

Internal polarization and vulnerability to terrorism.

What was the significance of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing?

It foreshadowed future terrorism and highlighted a failure to recognize new global threats.

What themes are explored in the TV show 'ER'?

Medical heroism and glamour.

What does 'The X-Files' represent in terms of societal themes?

Institutional mistrust and conspiracy culture.

What is the effect of television narratives in the 1990s?

A split between safe, comforting narratives and darker explorations of fear and alienation.

What milestone film marked the arrival of postmodern cinema in 1994?

Quentin Tarantino's 'Pulp Fiction'.

What stylistic breakthroughs are associated with 'Pulp Fiction'?

Nonlinear plots, ironic violence, and pop culture self-awareness.

What cultural impact did 'Pulp Fiction' have?

Redefined cool, won Cannes' Palme d'Or, and blurred lines between indie and mainstream.

What was the cultural phenomenon surrounding 'The Lion King' in June 1994?

Box office domination and multigenerational appeal.

What themes are central to 'The Lion King'?

Death, identity, and responsibility.

Who created the iconic soundtrack for 'The Lion King'?

Elton John and Hans Zimmer.

What significant events occurred in Michael Jordan's career from 1991 to 1995?

He won three straight NBA titles, retired in 1993, and returned in March 1995.

What was the shock that led to Michael Jordan's retirement in 1993?

The death of his father.

What was the significance of the Tonya Harding-Nancy Kerrigan scandal in January 1994?

It involved Kerrigan being attacked in a plot involving Harding's ex-husband and highlighted tabloid culture.

What was the significance of the 1994 MLB strike?

It was the first cancellation of the World Series in 90 years due to a labor dispute.

What triggered the O.J. Simpson case in June 1994?

The murder of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman.

What was an iconic moment during the O.J. Simpson case?

The live televised White Bronco chase.

What themes were prominent in the O.J. Simpson trial?

Race, celebrity, police bias, and public spectacle.

What was the verdict in the O.J. Simpson trial and its impact?

'Not Guilty' verdict, which led to a divided national response and highlighted racial tensions.

What major cultural shifts occurred in the mid-1990s regarding technology?

The promise of innovation collided with the horror of internal extremism.

What was significant about the launch of Windows 95 in August 1995?

It was a game-changing operating system that connected everyday people to the digital world.

What was the role of AOL in the rise of the Internet in American homes?

It brought dial-up internet and email to millions.

What were two early tech giants founded during 1994-1995?

Amazon and eBay.

What was the Oklahoma City bombing and its significance?

A terrorist attack that killed 168 people, including 19 children, and highlighted domestic extremism.

What was the public reaction to the Oklahoma City bombing?

Outrage, horror, and grief, with first responders seen as heroes.

What did the Oklahoma City bombing reveal about domestic extremism?

It showed that terrorism could originate from within the U.S., not just abroad.

What major aviation disaster occurred on July 17, 1996?

TWA Flight 800 Crash, which resulted in the death of all 230 people on board.

What was the cause of the TWA Flight 800 Crash according to the NTSB investigation?

An explosion in the center fuel tank due to short-circuit ignition of fuel vapors.

What significant political event took place in November 1996?

The 1996 Presidential Election, where Bill Clinton was re-elected.

What was Bill Clinton's campaign slogan during the 1996 Presidential Election?

"Building a bridge to the 21st century".

What major legislation did Bill Clinton sign related to welfare?

The Welfare Reform Act, which ended the federal entitlement to welfare and instituted work requirements.

What was the outcome of the Oklahoma City Bombing Trial?

Timothy McVeigh was convicted and sentenced to death for the bombing that killed 168 people.

What tragic event occurred on August 31, 1997?

The death of Princess Diana in a car crash in Paris.

What impact did Princess Diana's death have on public discourse?

It sparked debates about media ethics and celebrity privacy.

What scandal involving President Clinton emerged in 1998?

The Clinton-Lewinsky scandal, which led to his impeachment by the House.

What was the result of President Clinton's impeachment trial?

He was acquitted by the Senate.

What significant event occurred on August 7, 1998, involving Al-Qaeda?

The bombing of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, resulting in 224 deaths.

What was Operation Infinite Reach?

Missile strikes on Al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and a factory in Sudan, marking the first direct U.S. military response to bin Laden.

What economic milestone was achieved in 1998?

The first budget surplus since 1969.

What policy regarding LGBTQ+ individuals in the military was debated during the late 1990s?

The "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy.

What tragic event occurred on April 20, 1999?

The Columbine High School shooting, where two students killed 13 people.

What was the purpose of NATO's bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999?

To stop the ethnic cleansing of Albanians in Kosovo by Serbian forces.

What was the Y2K scare?

Fears that computers would malfunction when the year 2000 hit, leading to billions spent on fixes.

What was the outcome of the Bush v. Gore election controversy in 2000?

The Supreme Court halted the Florida recount, giving Bush the electoral win despite Gore winning the popular vote.

What attack occurred on October 12, 2000?

The USS Cole bombing, a suicide attack by Al-Qaeda in Yemen that killed 17 U.S. sailors.

What significant economic event occurred in early 2000?

The dot-com crash, following the peak of the NASDAQ.

What was the impact of the dot-com crash?

Many tech companies collapsed, leading to billions lost and the end of the '90s economic boom.

What event occurred on September 11, 2001, involving al-Qaeda?

Terrorists hijacked 4 planes, striking the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and crashing in Shanksville, PA, resulting in nearly 3,000 lives lost.

What significant U.S. policies were created in response to the 9/11 attacks?

The Department of Homeland Security and the PATRIOT Act were established, expanding government surveillance powers.

What was the goal of Operation Enduring Freedom launched in October 2001?

To dismantle al-Qaeda and remove the Taliban from power.

What was the public sentiment in the U.S. immediately following the 9/11 attacks?

Unity, grief, fear, and rising Islamophobia.

What controversial practices emerged at Guantánamo Bay detention center?

Harsh interrogation methods like waterboarding and the use of the term 'enemy combatant' to sidestep Geneva Conventions.

What were the consequences of the anthrax attacks in 2001-2002?

5 people died, 17 were infected, and public health preparedness was rapidly overhauled.

What was the justification for the U.S. invasion of Iraq in March 2003?

The U.S. claimed Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) and had ties to terrorism.

What was the outcome of the Iraq War regarding WMDs?

No weapons of mass destruction were found after the initial invasion.

What cultural phenomenon occurred in wartime America from 2003-2005?

The 'Shock and Awe' campaign was televised, and embedded journalists shaped public perceptions.

What was the impact of Hurricane Katrina in August 2005?

The storm devastated New Orleans, leading to over 1,800 deaths and exposing systemic issues like racial inequality and bureaucratic failure.

What was a significant political event in 2004 involving George W. Bush?

Bush was re-elected against John Kerry, with national security as a key issue.

What technological shifts began to reshape communication in the mid-2000s?

The rise of digital platforms like Twitter and social media, along with the popularity of iPods and texting culture.

What was a notable cultural event related to media decency in 2004?

Janet Jackson's Super Bowl halftime show sparked a moral panic.

What event marked the execution of Saddam Hussein in December 2006?

It symbolized the moral and political tensions of the Iraq War.

What was the outcome of the Israel-Hezbollah War in 2006?

The war ended inconclusively, despite U.S. calls for a ceasefire.

What global concern arose from North Korea's actions in October 2006?

North Korea conducted its first nuclear test, raising global concerns over nuclear proliferation.

What cultural divide was revealed in the 2004 electoral map?

A deep red-blue divide, indicating intensified political polarization over issues like the Iraq War.

What was a significant cultural shift in entertainment during the early 2000s?

Reality TV shows like 'American Idol' and 'Survivor' became cultural staples.

What was the significance of the phrase 'Freedom Fries' during the Iraq War?

It became a symbol of cultural absurdity when France opposed the invasion of Iraq.

What was the public reaction to the media's portrayal of the Iraq War?

Initially uncritical coverage led to later reflection and a media reckoning.

What was the impact of FEMA's response to Hurricane Katrina?

The slow and chaotic response drew national outrage and highlighted governmental disconnect.

What was the significance of the 'Swift Boat Veterans' controversy in the 2004 election?

It helped undermine John Kerry's military record and contributed to the culture war politics.

What event occurred on April 16, 2007, marking the deadliest school shooting in U.S. history?

The Virginia Tech shooting, resulting in 32 deaths.

What significant technological product was released on June 29, 2007?

The iPhone, marking the dawn of the smartphone era.

What early signs of economic trouble emerged in mid-2007?

Declines in the housing market and rising foreclosures.

What major international event took place in August 2008?

The Beijing Olympics, showcasing China's global power.

What event on September 15, 2008, triggered a global financial meltdown?

The collapse of Lehman Brothers.

Who was elected as the first African-American president of the U.S. on November 4, 2008?

Barack Obama.

What major public health crisis was declared in April-May 2009?

The H1N1 pandemic.

What notable event occurred on January 15, 2009, involving US Airways Flight 1549?

The flight landed safely in the Hudson River, known as the 'Miracle on the Hudson'.

What catastrophic event occurred on January 12, 2010, in Haiti?

A devastating earthquake that resulted in over 230,000 deaths.

What environmental disaster occurred on April 20, 2010?

The Deepwater Horizon explosion, the worst oil spill in U.S. history.