Rad Pro 1 ch 2 charts+ terms

excluding body types, joints, bone composition certain rad positions

plantar flexion

flexion or bending of the foot downward toward the sole

Dorsiflexion

flexion or bending of the foot toward the leg

deviation

A turning away from the regular standard or course

tilt

tipping or slanting a body part slightly; tilt is in relation to the long axis of the body

Circumduction

circular movement of a limb

rotate/rotation

turning or rotating of the body or a body part around its axis; medial or lateral

supinate/supination

rotation of the forearm so that the palm is up

pronate/pronation

rotation of the forearm so that the palm is down

invert/inversion

inward turning of the foot at the ankle

evert/eversion

outward turning of the foot at the ankle

hyperflexion

forced overflexion of a limb or joints

hyperextension

forced or excessive extension of a limb or joints

flexion

act of bending a joint

extension

Straightening of a joint; both elements of joint are in anatomic position- normal joint position

adduct/adduction

movement of a part toward the central axis of the body or body part

abduct/abduction

movement of a part away from the central axis of the body or body part

general body positions

-upright

- seated

-supine

-prone

-recumbent

-fowler

-trendelenburg

Axiolateral

angled CR enters and exits lateral surfaces of the body/part

Axiolateral Oblique

Angled CR enters & exits lateral surfaces of a rotated oblique body part

transthoracic

CR passes through the thorax

Craniocaudal

CR enters the cranial surface of a part and exits the caudal surface of a part; commonly used in mammography

tangential

CR skims curved surface of part to project it free of superimposition

Inferosuperior

CR enters inferior surface and exits superior surface of the part

Superoinferior

CR enters superior surface and exits inferior surface of the part

plantodorsal

Specific to the foot; CR enters plantar and exits dorsum surfaces

Dorsoplantar

Specific to the foot; CR enters dorsum and exits plantar surfaces

Lateromedial

CR passes through a part in the lateral position, entering the lateral and exiting the medial surfaces

mediolateral

CR passes through a part in the lateral position, entering medial and exiting lateral surfaces

Submentovertical

Specific to the head; CR enters the inferior surface of the mandible (mentum) and exits the cranial vertex

Acanthoparietal

Specific to the head; CR enters the acanthion and exits the parietal bones

Parietoacanthial

specific to the head; CR enters the parietal bones and exits the acanthion

AP projection

Perpendicular CR enters anterior and exits posterior

AP projection associated positions

supine

upright-face tube

lat decub

extremity positioned with coronal plane parallel to IR

PA projection

Perpendicular CR enters posterior and exits anterior

Lateral Projection

Perpendicular CR enters lateral surface and exits opposite lateral surface of part/body

AP oblique projection

perpendicular CR enters anterior surface and exits posterior surface of rotated (obliqued) part/body

PA oblique

Perpendicular CR enters posterior surface and exits anterior surface of rotated (obliqued) part/body

Axial Projection

CR is angled long more than 10 degrees

AP Axial Projection

Angled CR enters anterior surface and exits posterior surface of part/body

PA Axial Projection

Angled CR enters posterior surface and exits anterior surface of part/body

AP Axial Oblique Projection

Angled CR enters posterior surface and exits anterior of rotated (obliqued) part/ body.

PA Axial Oblique Projection

Angled CR enters posterior surface and exits anterior surface of rotated (obliqued) part/ body.

plantar

sole of foot

Palmar

palm of hand

dorsum

top/anterior surface of foot

back/posterior surface of hand

visceral

covering of an organ

parietal

the wall or lining of a body cavity

internal

within or inside an organ

external

outside an organ outside of body

proximal

near the point of attachment to the center of body

distal

farthest from the point of attachment

away from center of body

superficial

near the skin or surface

deep

far from the surface

medial

toward the midline

lateral

away from the midline

Ipsilateral

on the same side of the body

contralateral

on the opposite side of the body

peripheral

at or near the surface, edge, or outside of another body part

central

Mid area or main part of an organ

superior

toward the head or above

inferior

nearer the feet or situated below

cephalad/cephalic

towards the head

caudal/caudad

away from the head

Posterior (dorsal)

back of body

Anterior (ventral)

front of the body

closed fracture

does not break through skin

displaced fracture

bones are out of normal alignment

nondisplaced fracture

bone retains normal alignment

open fracture

bone breaks through skin

fissure

cleft or deep groove

foramen

hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves

fossa

pit, fovea, or hollow space

groove

shallow linear channel

meatus

Tubelike passageway within a bone

notch

indentation into border of a bone

sinus

recess, groove, cavity, or hollow space

sulcus

furrow, trench, or fissure-like depression

Condyle

rounded process at an articular extremity

coracoid/coronoid

beaklike or crownlike process

crest

ridgelike process

Epicondyle

projection above a condyle

facet

small, smooth-surfaced process for articulation with another structure

hamulus

hook-shaped process

head

expanded end of a long bone

horn

horn-like process on a bone

line

less prominent ridge than a crest; a linear elevation

malleolus

club-shaped process

protruberance

projecting part or prominence

spine

sharp process

styloid

long, pointed process

Trochanter

either of two large, rounded, and elevated processes (greater or major and lesser or minor) located at junction of neck and shaft of femur

Tubercle

small, rounded, and elevated process

Tuberosity

large, rounded, and elevated process

4 body planes

Sagittal

Coronal

Horizontal

Oblique

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right

midsagittal plane

divides the body into equal right and left sides

coronal plane

divides body into front and back

midcoronal plane

Divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts

midaxillary plane

divides the body into equal anterior and posterior halves

horizontal plane

passes crosswise through the body or a body part at right angles to the longitudinal axis

superior and inferior portions