Grade 12 STEM Technology TRB - Java and C++ Review Flashcards

This document contains flashcards to help students review their lecture notes on Java and C++ programming.

Java

A high-level programming language released in 1995 by Sun Microsystems, running on various platforms like Windows and Mac OS.

Object Oriented

Everything in Java is an Object.

Platform Independent

Java is compiled into platform-independent byte code.

Secure

Java's secure feature enables the creation of virus-free and tamper-proof systems.

Architecture-neutral

The Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file format.

Portable

Java is portable because it is architecture-neutral and has no implementation-dependent features.

Robust

Java focuses on compile-time error checking and runtime error checking.

Objects

States and Behaviors

Class

Template/blueprint that outlines behavior/state that an object supports.

Instance Variables

Each object has a collection of these variables unique to it.

main()

Java program processing starts from _ method.

Java Enums

Used to limit a variable's value to one of a few predefined options.

Access Modifiers

default, public, protected, private

Non-access Modifiers

final, abstract, strictfp

Object-Oriented Concepts

Object, Class, Instance, Method, Message Passing

Create

The new keyword in Java is used to new objects.

Constructor

A special method used to initialize objects when they are created.

No argument Constructors

A constructor that does not accept any parameters.

Parameterized Constructors

A constructor that takes one or more parameters.

Primitive Data Types in Java

byte, short, int, long, float, double, boolean, char

Variable

A type of named storage that programs can access.

Local Variables

Variables defined inside method, constructor or blocks.

Instance Variables

Variables declared in a class, but outside a method, constructor, or any block.

Class/Static Variables

Variables that are declared in a class but outside of a method, constructor, or block using the static keyword.

Access Modifiers in Java

default, public, private, protected

Java Modifiers

Keywords that modify class, method, variable.

Operator Precedence

The order in which terms in an expression are grouped.

Loop

A statement that executes a block of code multiple times.

Decision Making statements in Java

if, if…else, nested if, switch

Primitive data types used when working with Numbers

byte, int, long, double

Java Packages

Used to avoid naming conflicts, limit access, and to classify.

Exception Hierarchy in Java

Exception, RuntimeException, Errors

Catch

The try and catch keywords are used to ____ an exception.

Throws

Keyword that must be used to declare if a method does not handle a checked exception.

Finally

This block always executes, regardless of whether or not an exception occurs.

Inner Classes

Nested classes.

Inheritance

Mechanism through which one class inherits properties of another.

extends

keyword used to inherit a class's properties.

Subclass

This superclass reference variable can hold the _ object.

IS-A Relationship

A way of saying: This object is a type of that object.

HAS-A relationship

These connections are primarily based on consumption.

Overriding

Override the functionality of an existing method.

Polymorphism

An object's ability to take on multiple forms.

Abstraction

The ability to deal with ideas rather than occurrences.

Encapsulation

The mechanism for combining data and code into a single unit.

Interfaces

A contract between objects that specifies how they will communicate with one another.

Inheritance

The process through which one class inherits the properties of another is known as

POST and GET

Two data transmission types used with HTML Forms.