Functions and Hormones of the Endocrine System

This set of flashcards covers key functions and hormones within the endocrine system, specifically focusing on the hypothalamus, pituitary glands, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas.

function of Hypothalamus

Regulates bodily functions such as body temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep, emotional activity, and controls the pituitary gland.

Major hormones produced by the hypothalamus

8 major hormones including releasing and inhibiting hormones, oxytocin, and ADH.

Adenohypophysis

The anterior pituitary made of glandular tissue that produces and releases its own hormones.

Neurohypophysis

The posterior pituitary made of nervous tissue that stores and releases hormones made by the hypothalamus.

Hypophyseal Portal System

A network of blood vessels carrying hormones from the hypothalamus directly to the anterior pituitary.

Hormones made by the Anterior Pituitary

Includes Growth hormone (GH), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Prolactin (PRL), and Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH).

Hormones stored in the Posterior Pituitary

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin) and Oxytocin.

Hormones made by the Thyroid gland

Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine (T3), and Calcitonin.

Hormones made by the Parathyroid gland

Parathyroid hormone (PTH).

Hormones made by the Adrenal gland

Adrenal cortex: Cortisol, aldosterone, androgens; Adrenal medulla: Epinephrine, norepinephrine.

Hormones made by the Pancreas

Insulin, Glucagon, Somatostatin, Pancreatic polypeptide.