histology general concepts and epithelium

foundations 1a

what is the parenchyma?

the functional tissue of an organ

what is the stroma?

the CT framework, supports parenchyma

what is mucosa?

specialized epithelia associated with INNER surfaces of canals/tubes

describe mucosa texture and why

viscous, contains mucus secretions

what is serosa?

thin layer of simple squamous cells that line the OUTER surfaces of organs within a cavity

describe serosa secretions

watery lubricating fluid

apical cell surface

luminal border

basal cell surface

adjacent to basement membrane

lateral cell surface

sides

examples of epithelial tissue

mesothleium, endothelium, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified columnar, transitional, stratified squamous, stratified cuboidal, stratified columnar

examples of connective tissue

dense irregular, dense regular, loose irregular, adipose(brown and white), cartilage, bone, blood, connective tissue proper

3 muscle types

cardiac, smooth, skeletal

examples of nervous tissue

neurons, nerve fascicle, ganglia

4 basic tissue types

epithelial, CT, mucsle, nervous

what is the difference between simple & stratified epithelia (think about how they are anchored to the basement membrane)?

simple- single layer so all cells attatched to basement membrane, stratified- 2+ layers so only bottom layer is attatched to BM

what cell type are the meso- and endothelium made up of?

simple squamous epithelium (single layer of thin flat cells)

where is mesothelium located?

lines inner surface of cavities and the outer surface of the organs inside

where is the endothelium located?

lines all blood and lymphatic vessels, plus interior of the heart

Why are both pseudostratified columnar epithelium & transitional epithelium considered to be a simple type of epithelium even though they both have the appearance of being stratified?

both are actually made up of a single layer of cells and all attatch to the BM, all cells are alive

What are the 3 forms of stratified squamous epithelium?

keratinized, nonkeratinized, mixed

how is an epithelial cell attatched to the BM?

hemidesmosomes

how are epithelial cells connected to neighboring cells?

desmosomes

name the 4 surface modifications based on size (smallest to largest)

microvilli, stereocilia, cilia, flagella

name the 2 surface modifications that are non-motile and increase surface area

microvilli & stereocilia