Pilgrims, Puritans, Thirteen Colonies ~ Review

In 1607, a group of English Separatists, known as Pilgrims moved to ___________in order to worship freely before coming to the New World.

Holland

____________ wanted to separate themselves from the Church of England.

Separatists

The Separatists wanted to form congregations of their own; they called themselves "_______________."

Saints

A pilgrim is one who takes a journey for a ______________ purpose.

religious

The Pilgrims received a _______________ from the Virginia Company in 1620.

charter

After receiving the charter, the Pilgrims were supposed to settle at the mouth of the ____________ River (northern Virginia at that time).

Hudson

In 1620, the Pilgrims set sail for Virginia on the ______________.

Mayflower

The Pilgrims were supposed to sail to Virginia, but a storm blew them instead to ____________________.

Massachusetts

Of the 102 passengers on the Mayflower, a little more than half of them were Saints; the rest were called "_______________."

Strangers

Strangers came on the Mayflower voyage not for religious reasons, but for _________________, because they were unhappy or in trouble.

adventure

Commonalities between Saints and Strangers:

-Most were from ___________ classes

lower

Commonalities between Saints and Strangers:

-Most have a ________________.

trade

(blacksmith, potter, baker, indentured servant, etc).

Commonalities between Saints and Strangers:

-Both are hard-workers and ________________.

ambitious

Both Saints and Strangers wanted a better ____________.

life

The voyage on the Mayflower was long, treacherous (dangerous), and ______________.

unsanitary (unclean)

The Mayflower's voyage was ___________ days.

65

Before the Pilgrims got off the Mayflower, they developed the _____________ ______________.

Mayflower Compact

The Mayflower Compact was an agreement or plan of _______________ to make laws for the benefit of the whole settlement.

government

The Pilgrims named their new settlement in Massachusetts, _____________.

Plymouth (Plimoth)

When the Pilgrims land, they find empty fields cleared for ______________.

planting

The Pilgrims eventually learn that _____________ has wiped out (killed) many of New England's Indians.

smallpox

More than ____________ of the Pilgrims (settlers) died during the first winter.

half

9 out of 10 or ___________ % of the natives of Plymouth were wiped out in the 5 years before the Pilgrims arrived.

90

Samoset and _____________ were Native Americans who helped out the Pilgrims.

Squanto

Samoset and Squanto taught the Pilgrims how to ___________ and how to trap animals.

farm

Samoset introduces the Pilgrims to ___________________, a Wampanoag sachem.

Massasoit

A __________ of __________ is written between the Indians and English. This is kept while Massasoit is alive.

treaty of peace

In ______________, the Pilgrims invited their Native American friends to a three-day feast of Thanksgiving.

1621

The three-day feast of Thanksgiving celebrated a successful corn ___________.

harvest

Without the help of Massasoit and the Indians, the English colonists would have not _____________ at all in Plymouth.

survived

_______________ are a group of English Protestants.

Puritans

The Puritans tried to simplify or "______________" the Church of England in the 1600s.

purify

The Puritans wanted to _______________, or change the Church of England. The Pilgrims wanted to separate.

reform

England _________________ everyone that refused to agree with the Church of England. This included the Puritans and the Quakers.

persecuted

Persecute means to ________________.

mistreat

English dissenters saw America as a place where they could worship ________________.

freely

_______________ means to agree.

Dissent

Example of a Puritan Reform:

- ______________ forms of worship

simpler

Example of a Puritan Reform:

-remove ___________________ traditions such as organ music and special clothes for priests.

Catholic

Who was the leader of the Puritans?

John Winthrop

The Puritans were granted a charter from the king to form the _________________ _______________ Company.

Massachusetts Bay

In 1630, 1,000 Puritans land in _________ _____________.

New England

Between 1630 and 1640, __________________ Puritans have set sail for New England.

20,000

As the Puritans settled on Native American land, fighting _________________.

increased

In order to become _____________, the Puritans worked very hard at farming, fishing, and hunting.

successful

Two values very important to the Puritans are _____________ and education. They had founded Harvard College

religion

Dancing and games were ___________ of and illegal, on the Sabbath for the Puritans.

disapproved

The Puritans wanted Massachusetts to be an example for all the ___________.

world

Who were blamed as scapegoats for the Puritans' problems?

Witches

A ____________________ is one that receives the blame for others.

scapegoat

The Puritans were extremely ______________ (non-accepting) of other religions such as Catholics and Quakers.

intolerant

In 1636, ______________ ______________ left Massachusetts with 100 followers because he thought that the governor had too much power.

Thomas Hooker

Thomas Hooker set up the colony of _________________.

Connecticut

The first written ______________ in America was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (adopted by Thomas Hooker).

constitution

Which Puritan dissenter believed in the "separation of church and state?"

Roger Williams

"Separation of church and state" is the belief that government and religion should have no official __________________.

relationship

Roger Williams felt that church members should pay the bills at each church, not general ____________.

taxes

Roger Williams believed that killing or punishing in the name of _______________ was sinful.

Christianity

Roger Williams was order backed to ________________ after preaching that land should not be taken from the Indians.

England

Roger Williams was against the king _____________ land that did not belong to him; it belonged to the Indians.

chartering

In January 1636, Roger Williams fled (left) Massachusetts and started a colony called _____________.

Providence

Providence became the capital of ____________ ___________.

Rhode Island

Providence was a ____________ (safe place) for people looking for religious freedom and anyone who was not wanted elsewhere. All were welcome.

refuge

This Puritan dissenter had 14 children and openly talked about/criticized the teachings of the Puritan ministers.

Anne Hutchinson

During the time of Anne Hutchinson, Puritan leaders felt that women should obey men at all times and should be ______________ to teach about religion.

forbidden

In 1637, Anne Hutchinson was ________________ from Massachusetts and moved to Rhode Island in 1638.

banished

The _________________ were Protestant reformers who called themselves "Friends."

Quakers

At Quaker meetings, everyone is ____________ and there are no ministers.

equal

Quakers refuse to swear oaths of allegiance to anyone but _________.

God

Quakers were ___________, meaning they refused to serve in the army and opposed (was against) war.

pacifists

Quakers __________ to pay taxes to the Church of England.

refused

King Charles II made a Quaker, ______________ ____________, the proprietor of some land in America named Pennsylvania.

William Penn

William Penn wanted ________________ to be a model of religious freedom. Many Quakers settled here.

Pennsylvania

What city in Pennsylvania is known as the "City of Brotherly Love"?

Philadelphia

The trade route between Europe, West Africa, the West Indies, and the American colonies was called ___________ ___________.

Triangle Trade

The ___________ __________ was the passage across the Atlantic Ocean from West Africa to the Americas for the African American slave trade.

Middle Passage

On the slave ships, Africans were _____________ and chained cruelly. They were tightly packed and had barely enough room to sit up.

crowded

On the slave ships, about ______% to _______% of the Africans aboard died during the Middle Passage.

13 to 20

Which colonial region had long winters, thick forests, and rocky soil? Farming was difficult in this region. Fishing and trade were the major industries.

New England

_____________ _______________, Massachusetts, Rhode Island , and Connecticut are considered the New England Colonies

New Hampshire

In the New England Colonies, _______________ _______________ was used. Only enough food was grown to feed one's family.

subsistence farming

In the New England Colonies, the _____________ industry caused an increase in lumbering, barrel making, sailmaking, shipbuilding, and metalworking.

fishing

A person who learns a trade or craft from a master craftsworker is an _______________.

apprentice

The people who settled in the Middle Colonies represented many countries, cultures, and religions, so it was very _____________.

diverse

__________ __________, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware are part of the Middle Colonies.

New York

In the Middle Colonies, farmers grew and exported ___________ such as wheat, barley, and rye. They were known as the Breadbasket Colonies.

grain

Which colonial region had a mix of subsistence farming and cash crops?

The Middle Colonies

Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and ___________ are part of the Southern Colonies.

Georgia

Which colonial region had rich soil, a warm climate, and crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo is grown on plantations?

The Southern Colonies

Tobacco, rice, and indigo are known as __________ __________ because they brought in great profit.

cash crops

Plantation owners relied on _________ _________ to take care of the crops and gain wealth.

slave labor

In 1215, the document, ____________ ____________ meaning "Great Charter" was signed by England's King John to limit a monarch's (a king/queen) power. A king or queen does not have absolute power.

Magna Carta

In the New England Colonies, some serious ____________ were piracy, murder, and treason. Some punishments were death, being whipped, or being branded with a hot iron.

crimes

The Puritans had the _____________ rules and the harshest punishments.

strictest

The educational systems in the 3 colonial regions were different, but most colonists believed that boys needed more ______________ than girls.

*Public schools developed and were popular in the New England Colonies because leaders wanted their children to be able to read the Bible.

education

The popular economic principle of __________________ encouraged the establishment of colonies by European countries in the New World and elsewhere.

*A colony will only trade with and import goods from the mother country (the country that owns the colony).

mercantilism