Cardiovascular System: Heart Structure, Functions, and Clinical Connections Study Guide

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Last updated 9:11 PM on 8/21/26
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10 Terms

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Cardiovascular Disease
The leading cause of death worldwide.
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Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Commonly known as a heart attack.
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Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Inefficient pumping of the heart.
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Arrhythmias
Irregularities in heart rhythm.
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Valve Disorders
Categorized as stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leaking).
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Perfusion
The volume of blood flow per unit of tissue mass, measured in mL/min/g.
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Hypoxia
A deficiency of oxygen reaching the tissues.
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Atrioventricular (AV) Valves
Valves located between the atria and ventricles, ensuring one-way blood flow.
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Cardiomegaly
Abnormal enlargement of the heart due to increased workload.
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Intercalated Discs
Specialized junctions between cardiac muscle cells that facilitate electrical linkage.