Operational Definitions in Psychology

These flashcards cover key concepts of operational definitions and related ideas in psychology, which are essential for understanding empirical research methods and behaviorism.

Operational Definition

A definition that describes an abstract concept by specifying the procedures used to measure it.

Empirical Definition

A definition based on observed facts rather than on theoretical concepts.

Pragmatism

A philosophical approach where concepts are defined in terms of practical consequences and applications.

Behaviorism

A psychological approach that emphasizes the importance of observable behaviors and excludes introspective methods.

Hypothetical Construct

A theoretical concept that explains behavior in terms of internal states or processes that cannot be directly observed.

Intervening Variable

A variable that explains the relationship between independent and dependent variables and is defined through observed behavior.

Skiner's Operationalism

Defines operationalism as a reporting process involving observations, manipulations, and deductions related to empirical phenomena.

P. V. Bridgman

American physicist who developed the concept of operational definitions, emphasizing the need for empirical bases in scientific terms.

Retroactive Inhibition

A phenomenon where newly learned information interferes with the retrieval of previously learned information.

Anxiety in Psychology

A state often measured by observable responses, different in operational definitions for humans and animals.