Chapter 4AB APUSH: "American Life in the Chesapeake" & "American Life in New England"

What was the ratio of men to women in the early years of the Chesapeake colonies?

For every woman, there were 6 men, resulting in a 6:1 ratio.

What was the Headright System in Virginia and Maryland?

It granted 50 acres of land to anyone who paid for the passage of an indentured servant, benefiting wealthy landowners and contributing to a wealth gap.

What was the main cause of Bacon's Rebellion?

The rebellion was caused by the government's refusal to allow westerners to gain more land, leading Nathaniel Bacon to lead a revolt in 1676.

What were two major results of Bacon's Rebellion?

1. It highlighted the conflict between white colonists and Native Americans over land. 2. It revealed tensions between white westerners and easterners, leading landowners to seek less troublesome laborers, resulting in the use of African slaves.

What percentage of the Virginia population were Africans in 1670 and 1750?

In 1670, Africans made up 7% of the population; by 1750, this increased to 50%.

Which region was preferable for slaves to live in: Chesapeake or Deep South? Why?

The Chesapeake region was preferable because tobacco farming was less physically demanding than the backbreaking rice and indigo farming in the Deep South.

What were the two main colonial slave revolts and their years?

1. New York City Revolt - 1712. 2. Stono Rebellion - 1739.

What are the five levels of the Southern social ladder from top to bottom?

1. Wealthy planters (Gentry). 2. Small Farmers. 3. Landless Whites. 4. Indentured Servants. 5. Slaves.

What was the life expectancy in New England and why was it higher than in the Chesapeake colonies?

Life expectancy in New England was up to 70 years due to clean water and fewer diseases.

What were some characteristics of New England towns?

New England towns were small, educated, religious, and farming-oriented, with a focus on reading the Bible and training future Church leaders.

What was the Half-way Covenant and why was it created?

It was an attempt to increase church involvement by granting partial memberships to those not fully committed, leading to more inclusive Puritan Churches.

What caused the Salem Witch Trials and what were the results?

The trials were caused by superstition and social tensions, resulting in 20 deaths, including 19 hangings and 1 pressing, ending in 1693.

What were some jobs available in New England besides small farming?

Jobs included fishermen, shipbuilders, and merchant traders, supported by the profitable Boston harbor.

Which group had a better life in the 17th Century: Europeans or Americans? Why?

American colonists had better lives due to the immigration of middle-class citizens and minimal class distinctions, unlike in Europe.