HCI3 Exam 1 - Outcomes and Metrics

compliance

ensuring policies, procedures, and activities are consistent with rules, regulations, and standards

outcomes

an observable or measurable terminal event; result of performance

ECHO model

combination of traditional clinical-based outcomes with more contemporary measures of economic efficiency and quality

economic, clinical, and humanistic outcomes

define ECHO

economic

cost-of-illness, cost-minimization analysis, cost-benefit analysis, etc. are examples of ______ evaluations

humanistic

quality of life, patient preferences, patient satisfaction, and willingness-to-pay are examples of ______ evaluations

false

T/F: there is a universally accepted definition in healthcare about quality

quality

degree to which health services for individuals and populations increases the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge based on the Institute of Medicine (IOM)

outcomes

the current focus for measuring quality in pharmacy is _____ (structure/process/outcomes)

Donabedian model

classifies quality as structural, process, or outcome

structural

provide consumers with a senes of health care provider's capacity, systems, and processes to provide high-quality care

process

indicates what a provider does to maintain or improve health for healthy people or those diagnosed with a health care condition

outcome

impact of health care services or intervention on health status of patients; end results generally of numerous factors

more

in value-based care model, healthcare organizations and providers assume _____ (more/less) risk

pharmacy standard of care

what a reasonable and prudent pharmacist would do under the same conditions; not what any pharmacist would do

must

Pharmacy Standard of Care is thou ______ (must/should)

policy

general written document that establishes a standard by which the institution manages its affairs (thou must)

procedure

description of the operational processes necessary to implement policy (thou shall)

guideline

gives recommendations, interpretations, administrative instructions, best practice guidance, or frameworks in which to operate (thou should)

best practices

methods that have consistently shown results superior to those achieved with other means

standard

specifies uniform uses of specific technologies or configurations

protocol

detailed plan of a scientific or medical experiment, treatment, or procedure

written order by a provider

a protocol requires a _____ before it can be initiated

root cause analysis (RCA)

retrospective review focused on identifying the critical underlying reason for the occurrence of an adverse event or close call; addresses the cause, not the symptom

failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)

prospective, systematic, proactive method for evaluating a process to identify where and how it might fail, and to assess the relative impact of different failures to identify the parts of the process that are most in need of change

event flow diagram and hazard analysis

FMEA tools

event flow diagram

tool that can be used in both prospective (FMEA) and retrospective (RCA) analysis

severity x probability of occurrence x probability of detection

hazard score (RPM) formula

key performance indicators (KPIs)

measurable tools to keep track of progress on a specific performance objective

internal application

can use in comparison to similar entities within the same sector (benchmarks or benchmarking)

metric

what we measure

benchmark

measurement norm when compared to similar entities

compliance

meeting the law, regulation, rule, standard, guideline, or best practice

intervention

treatment, preventative care, or other actions or test seeking to improve health

process/performance indicator

intermediary measure between an intervention & an outcome

performance measures

intended to evaluate the quality of healthcare processes, intermediate outcomes, or outcomes

monitoring measures

intended to promote standardized documentation and reporting of healthcare processes, intermediate outcomes, or outcomes

quality improvement indicators (QIIs)

intended to assess improvement of healthcare processes, intermediate outcomes, or outcomes from baseline within a population/organization

performance trends and emerging issues

it is critical that monitoring systems for health care quality measures support ongoing awareness of _______

dashboard

data visualization tool that tracks, analyzes, and displays KPIs, metrics, and critical data points

visibility of multiple data points, accessibility, and accountability of data

a good dashboard has great ______

bottom-up

first step of effective dashboard creation is a ______ (top-down/bottom-up) approach in terms of organizational hierarchy

clearly defined roles

_____ should be in place for ownership of key metrics to establish accountability and ownership of metrics regarding a specific data point

data information, increase collaboration, and avoid misinterpretation

good health data visualization helps healthcare teams and organizations to