prokaryotic cells structure

chromosomes

consists of large DNA molcule (contain info) associated with proteins (provide structural support)

genes

segments of DNA contain info for building functional RNAs, may used to make polypeptides

nucleoid

region where chromosome is located

plasmid

small, circular, super-coiled DNA molecules
help cells adapt to unusual circumstances

ribosomes

composed of large and small subunits, which contains RNA and proteins

cytoskeleton

protein filaments that help maintain cell shape

microfilaments

responsible for cell locomotion & cell’s structural characteristics

microtubules

serve as intracellular highways for transporting vesicles and organelles

intermediate filaments

specialized for bearing tension

cytoplasm

• create internal environment that distinct from outside

• combined the effect of lipid bilayer and membrane proteins

cell wall

• tough, fibrous layer, surrounds plasma membrane

• protects organisms, gives them shape and rigidity

flagellum

molecular motor