Naming Conventions

how is the longest chain decided if there are 2 chains of the same length?

the chain with the most branches is considered the longest chain.

what happens if the chain is a ring?

you add the prefix cyclo-

what happens if there are 2 or more side chains with the same prefix?

you add the prefixes di-, tri-, tetra-, etc.

what do you add to the stems if its an alkyl group?

…yl-

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

alkene with the suffix -ene

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

alcohol with the suffix -ol and the prefix hydroxy-

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

haloalkane with the prefix of chloro-, bromo, iodo

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

aldehyde with the suffix of -al

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

ketone with the suffix -one

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

carboxylic acid with the suffix -oic acid

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

ester with the suffix -oate

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

acyl chloride with the suffix -oyl chloride

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

amine with the prefix amino- and the suffix -amine

what functional group is this and its prefix/suffix?

nitrile with the suffix -nitrile

how do you name organic molecules?

1. identify suffix

2. identify longest continuous chain of carbon atoms

3. identify side chains and the corresponding carbon number

4. combine

how do you decide which side of the chain is the 1st carbon?

the side closest to the branch is the start

what is the stem for number of carbon atoms 1-5

meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-

what is the stem for number of carbon atoms 6-10

hex-, hept-, oct-, non-, dec-

How are Esters named?

with the right chain at the start