Organ Systems

how does the systems maintain homeostasis

Integumentary

Function: protects tissues, regulate temperature 

Structures: body covering, skin, hair, nails, sweat, glands

Homeostasis: regulates body temperature and prevents water loss

Skeletal

Function: movement, blood cell formation

Structures: bones. ligaments, cartilage

Homeostasis: stores and releases calcium and phosphorus for mineral balance and produces blood cells for oxygen transport and immunity

Muscular

Function: enables movement, maintains posture

Structures: muscles, tendons, muscles of body

Homeostasis: generates heat through shivering to maintain body temperature and helps circulate blood and lymph through contractions

Nervous

Function: coordinates all the body activities

Structures: brain, neurons, nerves

Homeostasis: monitors internal and external environments, processes information, and sends rapid electrical signals to coordinate immediate responses that maintain stability

Endocrine

Function: chemical messengers 

Structures: pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, ovaries, testes

Homeostasis: releases hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress responses

Digestive

Function: breakdown of food (digestion), absorption

Structures: esophagus, stomach, intestine

Homeostasis: breaks down food and absobs nutrients for energy balance

Circulatory

Function: transports materials throughout the body

Structures: veins, arteries, aorta

Homeostasis: transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, and waste products, maintains body temperature and pH by distributing heat and buffering blood

Lymphatic

Function: fights infections

Structures: lymph fluids/nodes

Homeostasis: returns excess fluid to the blood to prevent swelling and protects against infection

Urinary

Function: filters wastes from the blood

Structures: kidneys, urinary bladder

Homeostasis: regulates water and electrolyte balance and maintains blood pH

Reproductive

Function: produce egg and sperm

Structures: testes, ovaries, uterus, vagina, penis

Homeostasis: reproductive hormones also influence bone density, muscle mass, and secondary sex characteristics, which affect overall homeostasis

Respiratory

Function: obtains oxygen, removes CO2

Structures: lungs, trachea

Homeostasis: exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment, helps regulate blood pH by controlling carbon dioxide levels, and supports cellular respiration