AP euro

treaty of Westphalia

1648

• E nd of wars of religion

• F rance is europe's more powerful -- Sun king takes over

• C alvinism is added to peace of augsburg

• H oly roman empire is dissolved

• I ndependence of netherlands and switzerland 

• P russia emerges as a great power -- started as the strongest state

Edict of Nantes

( 1598)

• Religious toleration and religious pluralism 

• Public worship wasn't allowed 

• Gave religious protection to Huguenots

• by Henry Navarre or henry IV

IV

4

VI

6

IX

9

XII

12

13

XIII

18

XVIII

XIV

14

XV

15

XVI

16

XVII

17

PEACE OF AUGSBURG

1555

• divided Europe

• princes can pick either Catholicism or Protestantism

Treaty of Utrecht

( 1713) 

• Result of Spanish succession war

• Maintained balance of power in europe 

• Ended expansion of Lousei XIV

BILL OF RIGHT

• 1689

• England become a constitutional monarchy, end of divine rights and absolutism  

LAWS and TAXATION can’t be done without the approval of the parliament

• KING ISENT ABOVE THE LAW, they cant dissolve parliament

• protestant kings only

• you cant make a army in peace time, without parliament

• only parliament can OKAY taxes

• FREEEDOM OF SPEECH

• Act of supremacy

• (1534) makes king head of states and church so he could divorce his wife

• Henry VIII ( defender of faith)

Treaty of tordesillas

1494) by Pope alexander VI

• divided up new worl

95 thesis

Martin Luther

95 theses (1517) -- God can only forgive not the popes 

War of religion 1559-1648

Spanish armada

Catholic spain VS protestant england

• 1588) 

  Elizabeth gave her tilbury speech leading to england naval battle 

  • England wins and spain takes a huge hit

 thirty years war

(1618-1648) 17th cen

cause: failure of peace of augsburg

Bohemian phase

( 1618- 1625)

 Cause: Defenestration of prague ( 1618)  -- people were thrown out window and survived 

• Ferdinand II was a catholic ruler and was shutting down protestant churches 

Danish Phase

2 (1625-1630

Edict of restitution ( 1629)

• Calvinism is illegal and Lutherans had to return land to Catholics 

Height of catholic dominance

Swedish phase

3 (1629-1635) 

Gustavus Adolphus - king of sweden pushed the catholic army back to bohemia 

• Father of modern warfare -- you can push cannons now

French phase

(1635-1642)

Cardinal richelieu-- france allied with protestant forces 

• He was a well know politique 

Why? France joined because they didn't like habsburgs

• Edict of Fontainebleau ( 1685)
  

• ( 1685)

• edict of nantes revoked, calvinist couldn't practice religion 

War of spanish succession (

1701-13)

• Cause: charles II ( spanish habsburg king) gave spanish land 

  to grandson Louis IV ( give him too much power) causing unbalanced of power 

• Result: grand alliance in opposition of France

Treaty of paris

( 1763)- france was removed from North america and Britain dominated India-

- britain become the dominant colonial empire

7 years war french and indian war-

1754-63)

 prussia and Great Britain vs France and Austria ( maria tresa  wanted to win back Silesia  but failed to do so  

Test act ( 1673)

excluded those unwilling to receive the sacrament of the church of England\

• limits kings power in glorious rev

Habeas corupus act 1679

parliament to limit Charles’s power

• judges demand prisoner gets a trail before

• cause for continued imprisonment

glorious revolution / bloodless revolt

1688

• Whig and tory leaders find 

• Parliament’s last resort, James II was taken off the throne and Mary ( his daughter) married to William of ornate assumed the throne

Pragmatic sanction

The Habsburg Empire would remain intact under her rule — issued by Leopold I