A&P Chapter 9 Types of Joints

arthrology

the science of joint structure

bony joint (synostosis)

immboile joint formed when teh gap between two bones ossifies and they become a single bone

fibrous joint (synarthrosis)

a point at which adjacent bones are bound by collagen fibers that emerge from one bone and penetrate into the other

suture

type of fibrous joint with immobile or slightly mobile joints (bones of skull)

gomphosis

attachment of tooth to socket

syndesmosis

two bones are bound by relatively long collagenous fibers; separation between bones & length of the fibers gives these joints more mobility than a suture or gomphosis (ex: radius & ulna)

cartilagenous joint (amphiarthrosis)

bones linked by cartilage

synchondrosis (type of cartilagenous joint)

joint in which bones are joined by hyaline cartilage (example is attachment of first rib to the sternum by hyaline costal cartilage)

symphysis

type of cartilagenous joint where two bones are joined by fibrocartilage (example is pubic bones joined together; vertebrae joined together)

synovial joint (diarthrosis)

facing surfaces of two bones are covered with articular cartilage and surfaces are separated by a narrow space (joint articular cavity) containing a slippery lubricant called synovial fluid

first class lever

fulcrum is located between the effort and the load

second class lever

the load is located between the effort and the fulcrum

third class lever

the efort is between the load and the fulcrum

temporomandibular joint

articulation of the condyle of the mandible with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

glenohumeral joint

humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula

humeroulnar joint

trochlea of the humerus joins the trochlear notch of the ulna

humeroradial joint

capitulum of humerus meets the head of the radius

proximal radioulnar joint

head of radius fits inot radial notch of the ulna

coxal joint (hip)

acetabular labram

tibiofemoral joint

knee joint, largest and most complex diarthrosis of the body

talocrural joint

includes two articulations: a medial joint between the tibia/talus and a lateral joint between the fibula/talus, both enclosed in a single joint capsule

glenoid labrum

ring of fibrocartilage that lines the edge of the shoulder socket