Sensation and Perception

3 Principles Emerge with regard to sensation and perception

No one to one correspodence: what we physically sense and what we mentally experience isnt exactly always the same. Adaptive: adjust to our enviornment. Active processes: our brain actively interpets and makes sense of information we recieve.

Retina

The light senstive layer at the back of the eye that contains rods and cones and helps process what we see. park of your eye that detects light.

Bleaching

When light hits a photoreceptor in your eye, the light changes the chemicals in the receptor, temporarily making it less sensitive to light.If you walk outside into bright sunlight after being in a dark room, your eyes need a little time to adjust. That’s partly because of bleaching.

Rods and cones

Rods is your peripheral vision, they detect black, white and gray.

Cones is recptors that help you see color and fine details in bright light. It is the middle of your eye.

Hue

The color you see, which is determined by the wavelength of light.

or the color you see.

Optic nerve

carries information from the eye to the brain

Blind spot

A small area in your vision where you can’t see anything because there are no sensory receptors there.

Fovea

the center of the retina where the cones are concentrated, give you your sharpest vision.

Transduction

Detect physical energy like light, sound waves

Threshold

The minimum amount of energy required to activate the system.

Top down process

your goals, expectations and mindset influence what you notice or experience.

Trichromatic theroy

We see color because our eyes have 3 different cones that detect different colors: red, blue, green

Opposing Process theory

We see color through opposing pairs of colors in the visual system.

Feature Detectors

They help your brain notice that something has a certain shape or edge so you can recognize it. Special cells in your brain that notice specific features of what you see, like lines, edges, shapes, or movement.

Grouping, Gestalt grouping principles, Proximity,Closure,Continuity

—ways your brain puts things together to make sense of what you see. 🧠

Things that are close together are seen as a group.🧠

Your brain fills in missing parts to see a complete object.🧠

Your brain tends to see lines or patterns as continuing smoothly rather than suddenly stopping.

Depth Perception

🧠 Linear Perspective

Lines that are actually parallel look like they get closer together as they go farther away.

🧠 Relative Brightness

Objects that look clearer/brighter usually seem closer, while objects that look faded or less clear seem farther away.

🧠 Relative Size

If two objects are normally about the same size, the one that looks smaller seems farther away.