What To Memorize: Exam 2

studied byStudied by 15 people
0.0(0)
Get a hint
Hint

Solute

1 / 28

29 Terms

1

Solute

The substance (solid) that is dissolved in the solvent.

New cards
2

Solvent

The liquid that dissolves the solute, present in greatest abundance.

New cards
3

Solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more pure substances.

New cards
4

Aqueous Solution

A solution where water is the solvent.

New cards
5

Molarity (M) Defined

The concentration of a solution expressed as moles of solute per liter of solution.

New cards
6

Molarity Formula

M=\dfrac{n}{V} where volume in in liters

New cards
7

Dilution Formula

McVc = MdVd, where Mc and Md are molarities and Vc and Vd are volumes of concentrated ( c ) and dilute ( d ) solutions.

New cards
8

Strong Acids

Acids that completely dissociate in solution, e.g., HCl, HBr, HI, HClO3, HClO4, HNO3, H2SO4.

New cards
9

Weak Acids

Acids that partially dissociate in solution, e.g., HF, CH₃COOH.

New cards
10

Strong Bases

Bases that completely dissociate in solution, including Group 1A metal hydroxides and heavy Group 2A metal hydroxides.

New cards
11

Oxidation State

The charge of an atom in a compound, with specific rules for different groups.

New cards
12

Balancing Redox Reactions

The process of dividing reactions into half reactions and balancing them for atoms and charge.

New cards
13

Acidic Solutions

Combine half reactions and cancel common terms.

New cards
14

Basic Solutions

Add OH- to balance H+, forming H2O, then combine half reactions.

New cards
15

Change in Internal Enthalpy (ΔE)

The difference in energy between products and reactants, E_{products}-E_{reactants}

New cards
16

Exchange of Energy

ΔE = q + w, where q is heat and w is work.

New cards
17

Endothermic Reaction

A reaction where ΔE > 0, indicating energy absorption.

New cards
18

Exothermic Reaction

A reaction where ΔE < 0, indicating energy release.

New cards
19

Enthalpy (H)

The total energy of a system, including internal energy and pressure-volume work.

New cards
20

Change in Enthalpy (ΔH)

ΔH = ΔE + PΔV, representing the change in enthalpy during a reaction.

New cards
21

Work (w)

PV or -PV, where P is pressure and V is volume.

New cards
22

Specific of Light

c = λv, where c is the speed of light, λ is wavelength, and v is frequency.

New cards
23

Speed of Light (c) constant

A constant value of 3.00 × 108 m/s.

New cards
24

Energy in proportional to frequency

E = hv, where E is energy, h is Planck’s constant, and v is frequency.

New cards
25

Enthalpy of Reaction

\Delta H_{rxn}=H_{products}+H_{reactants}

New cards
26

Planck’s Constant (h)

A constant value of 6.626 × 10-34 J·s.

New cards
27

Fahrenheit Conversion

F = (9/5)(°C + 32).

New cards
28

Celsius Conversion

C = (5/9)(°F - 32).

New cards
29

Kelvin Conversion

K = °C + 273.

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 6 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 15 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 78 people
... ago
5.0(3)
note Note
studied byStudied by 26 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 7 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 17 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(1)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (60)
studied byStudied by 453 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (85)
studied byStudied by 7 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (54)
studied byStudied by 159 people
... ago
4.8(4)
flashcards Flashcard (41)
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (205)
studied byStudied by 18 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (49)
studied byStudied by 11 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (280)
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (144)
studied byStudied by 3 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot