pick up messages frm other cells, convey info to cell body
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axon
transmit electrical impulses away from cell body to other cells
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soma
cell body, responsible for maintaining life of the cell
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myelin
a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons and speeds the transmission of nerve impulses
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myelin sheath
an insulating layer made up of protein and fatty substances that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells
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nodes of ranvier
gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon
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nervous tissue
bundles of neurons plus neuroglial cells
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what creates muscle contractions
stimulation/signal generated by the nervous system
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synaptic cleft
The space between two neurons across which the impulse is transmitted by a neurotransmitter
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synapse
the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses
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pre-synaptic
sending neuron
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post-synaptic
receiving neuron
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effector
an organ or cell that acts in response to stimulus
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CNS
brain and spinal cord
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PNS
the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
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how do neurons integrate information
dendrites establish connections between neurons
nerve impulses traveling between neurons
cell body and axon can receive inputs from many other neurons
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neuroglial cells
Specialized cell of the nervous system that produces myelin, communicates between cells, and maintains the ionic environment
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astrocytes
Structural support, Join parts. Regulate ion & nutrient balance, Forms CNS scar tissue after injury
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microglial cells
defends, supports neurons, ingests bacteria and debris
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ependymal cells
makes cerebrospinal fluid
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Cerebrospinal fluid
Fluid in the space between the meninges that acts as a shock absorber that protects the central nervous system (fluid in and around brain and spinal cord)
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oligodendrocytes
makes myelin for axons of the CNS, wraps and insulates neurons
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satellite cells
surround neuron cell bodies in PNS
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Schwann cells
forms myelin sheaths in PNS, insulation
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neurotransmitters
chemicals that transmit information from one neuron to another, cross synaptic gaps betwen neurons
Studied by 4 people
