Year 10 Science - Atomic Structure and Bonding

Flashcards covering key concepts from Year 10 Science on atomic structure and bonding.

What are the three types of particles found inside an atom?

Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

What type of charge do protons have?

Positive charge.

What is the mass of the atom concentrated in?

The nucleus.

What holds an atom together?

Electrostatic forces between protons and electrons, and strong nuclear force holding the nucleus.

What is an ion?

A charged atom that has gained or lost electrons.

How is a positive ion formed?

When an atom loses electrons.

What is the charge of a negatively charged ion?

Negative charge.

Which elements are isotopes?

Elements that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

How do chemical properties of isotopes compare?

They are identical; chemical properties depend on electron configuration.

What happens to electrons when magnesium reacts with fluorine?

Magnesium gives up its two valence electrons, while fluorine accepts them.

What type of bonding occurs between metals and non-metals?

Ionic bonding.

What type of bonding occurs between non-metals?

Covalent bonding.

What is the formula of calcium chloride?

CaCl2.

What is the electronic configuration of a sodium ion (Na+)?

2, 8.

What is the electron configuration of chlorine?

2, 8, 7.