Unit 7 APHG test study guide

agriculture

Where residents of rural settlements are more likely to work.

Primate City

A city with more than twice the population of the second-ranking settlement.

Central Place Theory

Explains why consumer services follow a regular pattern based on the size of settlements.

Parthenon

The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Athens.

Central Business District (CBD)

A zone where retail and office activities are clustered, taking up less than 1% of urban land area.

Concentric Zone Model

A model explaining social groups within urban areas, suggesting growth in concentric rings.

Interstate Highways

Built by the U.S. government to encourage the use of cars.

Detroit

The city that declined from 1.8 million inhabitants in 1950 to 700,000 in 2010.

Gentrification

The process by which middle-class people move into and renovate deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods.

50%

The percentage of jobs in the U.S. that are in consumer services.

Urban Settlement

The type of settlement where most people in the world live.

Hinterland

The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted.

Range

The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service.

Rank-Size Rule

The hierarchical listing of settlements by size.

State Capital

An example of a settlement that specializes in public services.

Basic Industry

A service that sells to people outside its settlement.

Social Area Analysis

Attempts to explain the distribution of different types of people in an urban area.

Urbanized Area

The city plus its surrounding built-up suburbs.

Squatter Settlements

Areas where many poor people live on the periphery of cities in less developed countries.

Sprawl

The development of new housing sites not contiguous to the existing built-up area.

Zoning

A legal form of segregation in U.S. cities.

Filtering

The process of subdividing a house from single-family to multiple occupancy.

Redlining

A process by which banks refuse to lend money for improvements in designated areas.

Megalopolis

Adjacent, overlapping Metropolitan Statistical Areas.