Important 200 - Antihistamines/Allergy

What is the brand name of diphenhydramine?

Benadryl

What is the generic name of Benadryl?

Diphenhydramine

What class is diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

First-generation histamine H1 antagonist

Is diphenhydramine (Benadryl) available over-the-counter?

Yes

What are the indications for diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

- Allergy relief

- Motion sickness

- Parkinson's disease caused by other health problems

What is the youngest approved age for OTC diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

6 years

In what dosage forms is diphenhydramine (Benadryl) available?

- Oral capsule

- Oral elixir

- Oral liquid

- Solution for injection (Rx)

- Oral tablet

- Oral chewable tablet

What is the monitoring parameter for diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

Mental alertness

What are the adverse reactions of diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

- DIzziness

- Headache

- Somnolence/drowsiness

- Xerostomia (dry mouth)

In which patients is diphenhydramine (Benadryl) dose-adjusted?

None

What is the contraindication to diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

Breast-feeding

What are the drug interactions of diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

- Alcohol

- CNS depressants

- Antidepressants

What is the brand name of fluticasone?

Flonase

What is the generic name of Flonase?

Fluticasone

What class is fluticasone (Flonase)?

Intranasal corticosteroid

What is the youngest approved age for fluticasone (Flonase)?

- 4 years

- 2 years for Sensimist

What is the mechanism of fluticasone (Flonase)?

Vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory

Is fluticasone (Flonase) available over-the-counter?

Yes

What are the indications for fluticasone (Flonase)?

- Allergic or nonallergic rhinitis

- Chronic rhinosinusitis

In which patients is fluticasone (Flonase) dose-adjusted?

None

In what dosage forms is fluticasone (Flonase) available?

- Exhaler suspension

- Nasal suspension

What are the monitoring parameters for fluticasone (Flonase)?

- Growth in children/adolescents

- Adrenal insufficiency

- Eosinophilic conditions

- Eye changes

- Candida infection (long-term)

- Hepatic function

What are the adverse reactions of fluticasone (Flonase)?

- Nasal irritation

- Headache

- Cough

- Swelling

- Oral candidiasis (thrush)

- Perforation of nasal septum (rare)

What are the drug interactions of fluticasone (Flonase)?

CYP3A4 inhibitors

What are the patient counseling points for fluticasone (Flonase)?

- May take up to 36 hours to see effect

- Best efficacy with continuous use

What are the contraindications for fluticasone (Flonase)?

- Asthma

- Current nose injury

What is the brand name of cetirizine?

Zyrtec

What is the generic name of Zyrtec?

Cetirizine

What class is cetirizine (Zyrtec)?

Second-generation histamine H1 antagonist

Is cetirizine (Zyrtec) available over-the-counter?

Yes

What are the indications for cetirizine (Zyrtec)?

- Allergic rhinitis

- Chronic spontaneous urticaria (hives)

In which patients is cetirizine (Zyrtec) dose-adjusted?

- Kidney dysfunction

- Liver impairment

In what dosage forms is cetirizine (Zyrtec) available?

- Oral capsule

- Intravenous solution (Rx)

- Oral solution

- Oral tablet

- Oral chewable tablet

- Oral disintegrating tablet

What are the monitoring parameters for cetirizine (Zyrtec)?

- Mental alertness

- Anticholinergic effects

What are the adverse reactions of cetirizine (Zyrtec)?

- Xerostomia (dry mouth)

- Dizziness

- Headache

- Somnolence/drowsiness

What are the contraindications to cetirizine (Zyrtec)?

None

What are the drug interactions of cetirizine (Zyrtec)?

- CNS depressants

- Pitolisant

- Alcohol

What is the youngest age approved for cetirizine (Zyrtec)?

6 months