Types of Data and Research Methods

These flashcards cover key concepts related to types of data, research methods, and examples of both observational studies and experiments.

Quantitative Data

Data values that are numerical and can be either discrete (finite or countable) or continuous.

Census

The collection of data from every member of the population.

Population

The complete collection of all measurements or data collected.

Sample

A subcollection of members selected from the complete collection.

Observational Study

A study where researchers observe outcomes without manipulating variables.

Experiment

A study where researchers manipulate one or more variables to observe the effect on another variable.

Example of Observational Study

T.V. show's executives raising commercial fees after a survey indicates a 'No. 1' rating.

Example of Experiment

A doctor performing diagnostic tests to find out the cause of a patient's illness.