ionic bonding

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4 Terms

1
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define ionic bonding

the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions formed by the transfer of electrons

  • metals lose electrons → positive

  • non-metals gain electrons → negative

2
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name ionic formulas and their charges

  • sulfate → SO4 2-

  • hydroxide → OH -

  • ammonium → NH4 +

  • nitrate → NO3 -

  • carbonate → CO3 2-

3
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state and explain 4 properties of ionic compounds

high melting point

  • strong electrostatic forces require lots of energy to overcome

don’t conduct when solid

  • ions locked in fixed ionic lattice → cant move to carry charge

conducts when molten/aqueous

  • ions become free to move + carry charge

(some) soluble in water

  • water’s polar nature allows its partially charged molecules to attract + break apart the oppositely charged ions in a lattice

4
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state the factors affecting the strength of an ionic bond

the charge

  • higher difference in charge = stronger electrostatic force of attraction

size

  • smaller ions can pack closer together → stronger attraction