Chapter 29: Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Oogenesis

Oogenesis

________ is completed when and if the secondary oocyte is fertilized by a sperm.

Ovulation

________ and menstruation do not occur during pregnancy.

Chlamydia

________ causes cervical ulcerations, which increase the risk of acquiring AIDS.

Sexual Reproduction

________ in animals involves the production of gametes in specialized organs called gonads.

Gonorrhea

________ is easier to diagnose in males than in females.

Syphilis

________ is easily diagnosed with a blood test.

AIDS

________ and genital herpes are caused by viruses and are not curable, but treatment is available.

Tail

The ________ is a flagellum that allows the sperm to swim.

Oral Contraceptives

________ contain estrogen and progesterone, which prevent ovulation and pregnancy.

Accessory Organs

________ conduct gametes and house the embryo /fetus in females.

Umbilical Cord

The ________ connects the developing embryo to the placenta.

Follicle

A(n) ________ that has lost its oocyte develops into a corpus luteum and stays inside the ovary.

Abstinence

________ is a reliable method of birth control that also prevents sexually transmitted diseases.

Midline Mesoderm Cells

________ become two masses of tissue, which are blocked off into somites.

Luteal Phase

During the ________ of the ovarian cycle, LH promotes the development of a corpus luteum, which secretes primarily progesterone.

Extraembryonic Membrane

The chorion is the ________ that contributes to the development of the placenta.

Fertility Drugs

________ can stimulate ovaries and bring about ovulation.

Latex Condoms

________ provide some protection for those who are sexually active.

Multiple Births

________ are common if several embryos are transferred.

Conception

________ occurs outside the body in a laboratory.

Humans

________ and other mammals have similar developmental stages to all animals.

Ciliary Movement

The developing embryo is propelled to the uterus by ________ and tubular muscle contraction.

Uterine Tubes

Eggs and sperm are placed in ________ immediately after being brought together.

Follicular Phase

During the ________ of the cycle, FSH promotes the development of follicles that secrete estrogen.

Hymen

________ (thin membrane that partially obstructs the vaginal opening and has no apparent biological function .)

Syphilitic Bacteria

________ can cross the placenta, causing birth defects or stillbirth.

PID

________ can lead to blockage of the uterine tubes, with the possibility of sterility or infertility.

Diaphragm

The ________ is a soft, latex cup with a flexible rim that lodges behind the pubic bone and fits over the cervix.

PCOS

________ causes many cysts but no functioning follicles, leading to no ovulation.

Erection

________ is caused by increased blood flow to the penis.

Pelvic Girdle

The ________ aligns so that females have wider hips than males, and thighs converge at a greater angle toward the knees.

Mesoderm Cells

________ form dorsal supporting rod called the notochord.

Spermatogenesis

________ involves reducing the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n)

Seminiferous Tubules

The ________ are where sperm are produced.

Testosterone

________ is responsible for greater muscular development in males.

ICSI

In ________, a single sperm is injected into an egg.

Epididymis Stores

The ________ and matures sperm.

Genetic Disease

Embryos can be tested for ________ before use.

Intrauterine Device

A(n) ________ (IUD) is a small piece of molded plastic that is inserted into the uterus by a physician or another qualified health- care practitioner.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

________ (PCOS) affects 10 % of women of childbearing age.

Control of Reproduction

________ involves preventing pregnancy and treating infertility.

Asexual Reproduction

______ is a type of reproduction in which a single organism produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.

Sexual Reproduction

______ is a type of reproduction in which two organisms of different sexes combine their genetic material to produce offspring.

Gonads

______ are the reproductive organs that produce gametes.

Reproductive System

______ is the system of organs that is responsible for reproduction.

Semen

______ is a fluid that contains sperm and other fluids that help to protect and transport the sperm.

Testosterone

______ is a hormone that is produced in the testes and is responsible for male sex characteristics.

Luteal Phase

______ is the second phase of the menstrual cycle, during which the corpus luteum produces progesterone.

Estrogen

______ is a hormone that is produced in the ovaries and is responsible for female sex characteristics.

Progesterone

______ is a hormone that is produced in the corpus luteum and is responsible for preparing the uterus for pregnancy.

Infertility

______ is the inability to conceive a child after 12 months of regular unprotected sex.

Gonorrhea

______ is a sexually transmitted infection that is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Syphilis

______ is a sexually transmitted infection that is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.

Embryonic Development

______ is the process of development from the fertilized egg to the fetus.

Fertilization

______ is the process of a sperm fertilizing an egg.

Cleavage

______ is the rapid division of the fertilized egg into smaller cells.

Morula

______ is a solid ball of cells that is formed during the early stages of embryonic development.

Umbilical Cord

______ is the structure that connects the fetus to the placenta.