Unit 2 APHUG

Agricultural Density

Ratio of number of farmers to the amount of arable land

Arithmetic Density

Total number of objects in an area

Anti-natalist Policy

Government strategies designed to discourage people from having children with the aim of reducing a country’s population growth rate

Carrying capacity

The maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustainably support given the available resources

Cartogram

A thematic map in which the geographic area of regions is distorted to reflect a specific variable

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

Process of change in a societies population from high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase and higher total population

Developed country (MDC)

nation with a high economic and social progress, characterized by high per capita incomes, advanced industrialization, and relatively low birth and death rates

Developing Country (LDC)

low income country facing long term impediments to sustainable development

Dependency Ratio

Number of people who are too young and old to work compared to the number of people in their productive years ( under 15 and over 65)

Ecumene

land populated by human settlement

Emigration

migration from a location

Immigration

migration to a location

human development index (ETM)

focuses on distinctive health threats in each stage of the demographic transition

infant mortality rate (IMR)

annual number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age compared with total live births

life expectancy

average number of years and individual can be expected to live given current social, economic, and medical conditions

Malthusian Theory

expected population to grow more rapidly than food supply

natural increase rate (NIR)

percentage by which a population grows in a year (excluding migration)

population pyramid

bar graph that displays the percentage of a place population for each age and gender

physiological density

number of people supported by a unit of arable land

pronatalist policy

government measures aimed at encouraging or incentivizing individuals to have more children, often in response to declining birth rates and an aging population

total fertility rate (TFR)

used to measure the number of births in a society

Zero population growth (ZPG)

country reaches stage 4 of demographic transition when the CBR declines to the point where it equals the CDR and NIR approaches zero