anesthesia quizzes

what position should your patients head lie in comparison to the body for recovery?

at the level of the body or higher

what reflex do you want to see before extubating your patient?

1-2 good swallows

if your small animal patient is respiratory acidodic, what do you expect your etco2 to read on monitor?

higher than normal so above 45 mmHg maybe 50 mmHg

At what height or level should a transducer be zeroed for IBP?

level of the heart

give two reasons why a patient might not ventilate well under anesthesia?

hypotensive, hypothermia, hypoxemia, positioning???

name 5 analgesic drug classification?

NOLAD

NSAIDS

Opioids

Local anesthetics

Alpha 2's

Dissociatives

name pathway in order

transduction

transmission

modulation

perception

give me a common side effect caused by NSAIDS

renal toxicity

GI issues

what is the terminology for using combining different analgesic drugs which acts on different sites to alleviate pain?

multimodal analgesia

which analgesia drug classification used to produce both sensory and motor blockade?

local anesthetics

name two local anesthetic drugs which are commonly used in vet med

lidocaine and bupivacaine

when you want to extract upper canine which dental local block will you perform?

infra-orbital foramen

when you perform epidural analgesia in dogs which spinal space will you insert the needle?

l7-s1

what local anesthetic technique will you use for cat declaw?

carpal block

prior to injection of local anesthetic drug what do you need to do?

aspirate

name two sources of human error (anesthetizing error) that can lead to an emergency/complication

anesthetist has a lack of knowledge and being tired/sleepy

why is it important to either measure the ET tube you are placing into your patient or palpate the thoracic inlet post-intubation?

you don't want it too long to where it can reach the lungs or too short to where air wont properly go to your patient

what should you remember to disconnect from your patient to turn or move your patient and what is the reasoning?

if you dont disconnect it can cause a tracheal tear when moving

name two possible problems that may cause increased co2 in your patient

-co2 soda sorb out of date

-too deep of inhalant

how much blood volume is in your patient and how much can be lost safely

blood volume 8% of body weight and 20% can be lost safely

give two examples of ways you can help your dvm during a cardiac complication

-help ventilate or with bagging

-help administer fluids or medications so dvm can try and diagnose the issue

name two cardiac problem signs

-hypoventilation noticing blood pressure is decreasing and patient is struggling to breathe

-changes in heart rate or rhythm

give two examples of how you can cause a cardiac complication involving medications you administer

-giving the wrong dose of medication

-giving the wrong medication

-giving medication the wrong route

true or false

a good pulse reflects a good blood pressure

false shows good blood perfusion

besides being deeper and slow to recover how else does hypothermia endanger your patient? give 2 ways

hypothermia can cause bradycardia which can effect the heart

can prolong drug effect

for anesthesia of neonatal patients your cardiac output is depend on ____________. We need to try to maintain their ______________.

CO=HR x SV

heart rate

for neonatal patient anesthesia their organ functions are still developing and their metabolism is decreased and slow. What should we do when we choose drugs?

-choose drugs at lower doses

-don't ever use acepromazine cant reverse it or dexmed

-use anticholinergics to help increase heart rate since most drugs will cause bradycardia

which premedication drugs should we avoid for small animal neonatal patients? name 2 drugs

-acepromazine

-dexmedetomidine

which breathing circuit will you use for small animal neonatal patient? what are advantages for using this circuit?

-non-rebreathing circuit

-advantages include less resistance to use and better control over their breathing

what should we add into your IV fluid for neonatal patients under anesthesia?

dextrose

name three ways we can check for a leaking ET tube cuff in an intubated horse

listen for any leaks

feel for air through nostrils

bellows falling

smell

why is it necessary to wash the mouth of the horse prior to intubation

don't want any feed in mouth to get into the lungs

name two things we do to aid the horse in breathing in recovery after extubation. Remember why the horse may have difficulty breathing through its nose

can place a tube through nose to give oxygen as well as through mouth

can use neosynephrine spray to help with edema

name two practices we do to reduce the risk of neuropathy in an equine patient

-proper padding

-down front limb pulled forward

what is the minimum requirement of mean blood pressure in an equine patient include units

70 mmHg

for reptile anesthesia write one unique cardiovascular consideration and what you should do

three chamber heart

for reptile anesthesia write one unique respiratory consideration and what you should do under anesthesia

they don't have a muscular diaphragm only smooth and skeletal muscles for breathing. We need to do iPPV = intermittent positive pressure ventilation and give 2-4 breaths a minute to help them breathe

true or false for chelonian intubation you should use cuffed ET tube since they have a complete ring trachea

false

when should we extubate reptile patient

spontaneous breathing if no spontaneous breathing use Ambu bag to support ventilation with room air

what is a good monitoring device to monitor reptiles heart rate during anesthesia

ultrasonic doppler

what is the most important thing we do while your bird patient is under general anesthesia besides monitor

help ventilate and breathe for them

how many air sacs most birds have? and what is the function of the air sac

9 and acts as "bellows" to move air into and out of lungs

connected to the primary and secondary bronchi

when you want to sedate parrot patient for 10-15 min for physical exam and blood collection what drug will you give and what route

midazolam intranasal

when you intubate the avian species what type of ET tube should we use

non cuffed ET tube

what is the best opioid choice for avian species

butorphanol

how long should an adult ruminant be fasted from food and water prior to general anesthesia

12-48 hours

why do we need to fast a ruminant prior to general anesthesia

their abdominal region is taken up 75% by rumen and stomach compartments so it takes way longer for content to move through and out and decreases regurgitation and incidence of bloat

what is the preferred body position for intubating a ruminant be specific

head elevated and perpendicular to the ground don't do it in sternal

where do we usually place iv catheters in pigs

ear vein

in what body positioning should you recover a pig or ruminant

sternal