Social Studies 30-1

What is an Ideology?

A system of ideas and ideals forming the basis of economic or political theory and policy.

Factors that Influence Ideology

Culture, Language, Family, Media, Relationship to Land, Environment, Gender, Religion, Spirituality.

What is Liberalism?

A political and social philosophy promoting individual rights, civil liberties, democracy, and free enterprise.

Individualism

A belief system that emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, with minimal government interference.

Rule of Law

The principle that all citizens and institutions are accountable to the same laws, preventing arbitrary use of power.

Collectivism

An ideology that emphasizes the needs and goals of the collective before those of the individual.

Economic Equality

The idea that everyone should have equal access to goods and services, regardless of income.

What is Socialism?

An economic philosophy advocating for social ownership of the means of production and fair distribution of wealth.

Political Spectrum

A range of political ideologies that categorize political beliefs from left (social change) to right (traditionalism).

What is Capitalism?

An economic system based on private ownership and free markets, with minimal government intervention.

Command Economy

An economic system where the government controls the means of production and distribution of goods.

Mixed Economy

An economic system combining private enterprise with government intervention to regulate and provide social welfare.

Who was Thomas Hobbes?

A philosopher who believed in a strong, centralized government to maintain peace and prevent civil war.

John Locke's view on government

Believed in minimal government power to protect natural rights and that rebellion is justified if the government fails its duties.

Jean Jacques Rousseau's General Will

The collective will of the people that should guide government decisions to reflect the common good.

What is the New Economic Policy (NEP)?

A policy introduced by Lenin to reintroduce some capitalist elements into the economy of the Soviet Union.

What does Keynesian Economics advocate?

Government intervention in the economy during recessions to stimulate growth and recovery.

What is Neo-Conservatism?

An ideology promoting minimal government intervention in the economy, emerging in response to stagflation.

What is the Patriot Act?

A US law passed after 9/11 that expanded the government's ability to surveil and detain individuals for national security.

Differences between Human Rights and Civil Rights

Human Rights are universal rights granted to all, while Civil Rights are specific legal rights granted by the government.

What does Assimilation mean in the context of Canadian First Nations?

The process of forcing minority groups to adopt the norms and values of the dominant culture, leading to a loss of their identity.

What was the White Paper?

A proposal that aimed to eliminate the special legal status of Aboriginal peoples in Canada, sparking significant opposition.

What are the principles of Democracy?

Equality and Human Rights, Economic Freedom, Bill of Rights, Rule of Law, Free and Fair Elections, among others.

What is Brinkmanship?

A foreign policy strategy that pushes dangerous events to the brink of active conflict to gain an advantage in negotiations.

What are Proxy Wars?

Conflicts where two major powers use third parties to fight on their behalf.

The Cuban Missile Crisis

A 13-day confrontation between the US and the USSR over Soviet ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba.

What is Environmentalism?

The concern for protecting the environment and ensuring the sustainability of natural resources.

What is the definition of Citizenship?

The legal status of being a member of a nation, encompassing rights and responsibilities.

What is Socialism?

An economic philosophy advocating for social ownership of the means of production and fair distribution of wealth.

What is Capitalism?

An economic system based on private ownership and free markets, with minimal government intervention.

What is Economic Equality?

The idea that everyone should have equal access to goods and services, regardless of income.

What is Collectivism?

An ideology that emphasizes the needs and goals of the collective before those of the individual.

What is Individualism?

A belief system that emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, with minimal government interference.

What is the Rule of Law?

The principle that all citizens and institutions are accountable to the same laws, preventing arbitrary use of power.

What does Democracy ensure?

Widespread participation in government and protection of individual rights.

What is the Political Spectrum?

A range of political ideologies that categorize political beliefs from left (social change) to right (traditionalism).

What is the New Economic Policy (NEP)?

A policy introduced by Lenin to reintroduce some capitalist elements into the economy of the Soviet Union.

What is Keynesian Economics?

An economic theory advocating for government intervention to stabilize economic fluctuations.

Who was John Maynard Keynes?

A British economist whose ideas fundamentally changed economic policies through government intervention.

What is Neo-Conservatism?

An ideology promoting minimal government intervention in the economy, emerging in response to stagflation.

Who was Thomas Hobbes?

A philosopher who advocated for a strong central authority to avoid chaos and maintain order.

Who was John Locke?

A philosopher who emphasized natural rights and government responsibility to protect these rights.

What is

The collective will of the people that should guide government decisions to reflect the common good.

What are Human Rights?

Universal rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of citizenship or legal status.

What are Civil Rights?

Specific legal rights granted by the government to ensure individual freedoms and equality.

What is Brinkmanship?

A foreign policy strategy that pushes dangerous events to the brink of active conflict to gain an advantage in negotiations.

What are Proxy Wars?

Conflicts where two major powers use third parties to fight on their behalf.

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

A 13-day confrontation between the US and USSR over Soviet ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba.

What is Environmentalism?

The concern for protecting the environment and ensuring the sustainability of natural resources.

What does Assimilation mean?

The process of forcing minority groups to adopt the norms of the dominant culture, leading to a loss of identity.

What was the White Paper?

A proposal that aimed to eliminate the special legal status of Aboriginal peoples in Canada, sparking significant opposition.

What are the principles of Democracy?

Equality and Human Rights, Economic Freedom, Bill of Rights, Rule of Law, Free and Fair Elections, among others.

What is the Liberal Democratic Model?

A governmental system combining free elections with liberal protections for individual rights.

What does Social Contract mean?

The theoretical agreement by individuals to form a government to protect their rights and welfare.

What is the difference between primary and secondary sources?

Primary sources provide direct evidence, while secondary sources analyze or interpret primary sources.

What is a Mixed Economy?

An economic system combining private enterprise with government intervention to regulate and provide social welfare.

What is Social Justice?

The view that everyone deserves equal economic, political, and social rights and opportunities.

What does Globalization refer to?

The process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence among countries, affecting economy and culture.

What is Nationalism?

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation, often associated with pride and identity.

What is the role of a Constitution?

A document that outlines the fundamental principles and established precedents according to which a state is governed.

What is Popular Sovereignty?

The doctrine that government derives its power from the consent of the governed.

What is Responsible Government?

A government that is accountable to the people and must keep their confidence to remain in power.

What is Federalism?

A political system in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

What is a Bill of Rights?

A formal statement of the rights of the citizens to be protected from infringements by the government.

What are the functions of Political Parties?

To represent diverse interests, organize elections, and facilitate governance.

What is the significance of Civil Disobedience?

An act of refusing to obey certain laws to bring about social change, often in a peaceful manner.

What is Global Governance?

The way international affairs are managed across state boundaries through cooperation and regulation.

What does Civic Engagement entail?

Active participation in the public life of a community to improve conditions and address issues of public concern.

What is a Welfare State?

A government that provides for the basic economic and social welfare of its citizens.

What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

A milestone document that proclaims the inalienable rights inherent to all human beings.

What is Free Trade?

An economic policy where the government does not restrict imports or exports of goods.

What is Political Ideology?

A set of beliefs about politics, society, and the economy that influences policy decisions and behavior.